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Abstract:This summarized thesis has begun to be written every year since 1996. In this paper it consists of (1) magneto-optic recording and magnetic recording material; (2) nano-ferrite material; (3) new magnetic measuring device; (4) magneto-resistive material; (5) rare-earth magnetic material.

Abstract:The interfacial reaction of Ti-6Al-4V composites reinforced with Chinese SiC fiber was investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The reaction product of TiC with fine grains and large grains was identified between the Ti-6Al-4V matrix and the C-coating of the SiC fiber. However, in the interfacial reaction zone of the SiCf /Ti-6Al-4V composite in which the SiC fiber has no C-coating, from SiC fiber to Ti-6Al-4V matrix, there exist fine grains of TiC+Ti5Si3, large grains of TiC and Ti3SiC2. The thickness of the interfacial reaction zone was measured and the interfacial reaction mechanism was discussed.

Abstract:通過(guò)快速冷凍沉淀法制備非晶態(tài)氫氧化鎳粉體，微粒形狀不規(guī)則，具有較小粒度分布和較大比表面積。經(jīng)測(cè)量，發(fā)現(xiàn)其樣品粉體拉曼光譜（Raman）峰較多，差熱分析（DSC）發(fā)現(xiàn)其分解溫度較低，為295．18℃，結(jié)果分析表明活性較高。將所制備的非晶態(tài)Ni（OH）2粉體作為活性物質(zhì)合成正極材料，并組裝成MH—Ni堿性模擬電池，在恒流50mA／g下充電8h，25mA／g下放電，終止電壓為1．0V時(shí)，其放電工作電壓平穩(wěn)且時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，放電平臺(tái)為1．26v。放電比容量可達(dá)333．22mAh／g，高于β-Ni（OH）2的理論比容量289mAh／g，循環(huán)伏安曲線的測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，可逆性能較好，在堿性電解液中結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定。

Abstract:Several material science questions involved with growing YBCO quasi-single crystals by the powder melting process (PMP), including the formation of the liquid phase, crystal preferential growth and its controlling, peritectic reaction mechanism and the stability of the front growing interface, size distribution of 211 particles and the formation and controlling of relative defects have been introduced and discussed in the present paper.

Abstract:采用頂部籽晶提拉法(TSSG)生長(zhǎng)出Nd3+:KGd(WO4)2晶體,測(cè)得Nd3+實(shí)際摻雜濃度3.2at%。測(cè)得樣品的吸收光譜及熒光光譜,計(jì)算得出808nm處吸收截面為0.6799×10-20cm2;熒光輸出波長(zhǎng)為1068nm和1351nm,測(cè)得熒光壽命為112μs。對(duì)不同尺寸的兩樣品進(jìn)行了激光實(shí)驗(yàn),當(dāng)LD泵浦源輸出功率為900mW時(shí),分別獲得326mW,305mW的1064nm激光輸出,斜效率分別為62.7%和57.8%。水平和垂直兩個(gè)方向上光束傳輸因子M2均小于1.2。經(jīng)倍頻獲得532nm的綠光。用Cr:LuAG作為可飽和吸收體進(jìn)行調(diào)Q實(shí)驗(yàn),重復(fù)頻率為15kHz時(shí),脈沖寬為170ns。

Abstract:Using Cr-Nb MA powders ball milled for 30 h then annealed for 3 h, the effects of annealing temperature on Laves phase Cr2Nb synthesizing by solid phase thermal reaction have been investigated. The lowest annealing temperature of the powder for full synthesizing of Laves phase Cr2Nb was obtained. The optimized low temperature annealing parameters for Laves phase Cr2Nb synthesizing by solid phase thermal reaction can theoretically provide guidance for preparing both high strength and high tough Cr2Nb alloy or Cr2Nb-based composite with micro- / nano-grains by a process of mechanical alloying followed by a hot pressing or sintering.

Abstract:研究了固溶-時(shí)效處理工藝和固溶-預(yù)冷變形-時(shí)效處理工藝對(duì)Cu-Co-Cr-Si合金力學(xué)性能、電學(xué)性能及其顯微組織結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。結(jié)果表明，最佳形變熱處理工藝為980℃固溶1h，冰鹽水淬火，40％預(yù)冷變形之后480℃時(shí)效4h。合金的抗拉強(qiáng)度、屈服強(qiáng)度、延伸率、硬度和相對(duì)電導(dǎo)率分別達(dá)到634MPa，575MPa，8．9％，1700MPa（HB）和43．2％IACS。這種合金有顯著的時(shí)效強(qiáng)化特性，強(qiáng)化相為Cr粒子、Cr3Co5Si2相和Co2Si相。合金的高強(qiáng)度來(lái)源于固溶強(qiáng)化、亞結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)化和第二相析出強(qiáng)化。

Abstract:用化學(xué)腐蝕法、金相顯微觀察、透射電鏡（TEM）、電子探針X射線微區(qū)分析（EPMA）和掃描電鏡能譜分析（EDX）等手段，對(duì)φ76mm非摻雜（ND）半絕緣砷化鎵（SI-GaAs）單晶中微缺陷、碳的微區(qū)分布進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明：在晶體周邊區(qū)域，由高密度位錯(cuò)運(yùn)動(dòng)和反應(yīng)形成胞狀結(jié)構(gòu)，該胞狀結(jié)構(gòu)的本質(zhì)就是晶體結(jié)晶時(shí)形成的小角度晶界，且位錯(cuò)與微缺陷有強(qiáng)烈的相互作用：雜質(zhì)碳在胞壁、近胞壁和完整區(qū)的含量依次降低，存在條紋分布。

Abstract:According to the expression of strain energy release ratio, a triaxiality factor, an expanding factor from isotropic material to orthotropic materials, for single crystal superalloy that contains three elastic constants was defined. By using the triaxiality factor to modify strain range as a failure parameter, effects of crystallographic orientation and multiaxial loading on fatigue life can be eliminated remarkably. Applying strain energy release ratio to describe fatigue damage course of orthotropic materials and taking account of nonlinear effect of crystal anisotropy of single crystal superalloys versus fatigue damage and alternate changing characteristic of cyclic loads by introducing an orientation function and a cyclic characteristic parameter for damage force, a low cycle fatigue damage model for single crystal superalloy was proposed. The low cycle fatigue test data correlation to DD3 and CMSX-2 single crystal superalloy with the parameter by using multivariate linear regression analysis is good and the all test data fall into the factor of 2.0 and 2.5 scatter band, respectively.

Abstract:采用一種制備摻雜納米VO2粉體的新方法獲得摻Mo納米V02粉體。用XRD，TEM，XPS手段對(duì)摻雜納米VO2的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征，并研究了摻雜V02的相變特性。結(jié)果表明，所制備的納米VO2的尺寸約為26nm，形貌呈近球形。摻入的Mo以Mo^＋6的形式存在于VO2的晶格中，形成V1-x，MoxO2固溶體。摻雜納米VO2粉體的電阻隨溫度的變化具有明顯的開(kāi)關(guān)特性。隨摻入Mo含量的增加，VO2的相變溫度呈線性下降，在6％MoO3的摻入量時(shí)，相變溫度降為45℃。

Abstract:Double hexagonal-close-packed (dhcp) crystal structure is a variant of hexagonal-close-packed (hcp). It is always found in phase transformation process at extreme conditions, i. e., high temperature and pressure. In this paper, structural factor of the dhcp was calculated on basis of the electron diffraction theory and the forbidden reflection law was discussed. If l is odd or the condition, 2h+k=3n, l=4n+2 (n a random integer.), is met, the crystal plane (hkl) will be forbidden to reflect. This predicted result is good agreement with the diffraction patterns from an investigation of phase transformations in commercial magnesium alloy.

Abstract:研究了^7LiH試樣在不同溫度下的拉伸性能，并對(duì)試樣斷口進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明，無(wú)論是否經(jīng)過(guò)燒結(jié)，^7LiH試樣的抗拉強(qiáng)度在100℃～300℃的溫度范圍，隨試驗(yàn)溫度的升高而增加。在300℃～600℃的溫度范圍，隨試驗(yàn)溫度升高而降低，并且燒結(jié)坯^7LiH試樣的抗拉強(qiáng)度明顯高于冷壓坯。冷壓坯^7LiH試樣經(jīng)過(guò)從350℃-650℃的溫度范圍燒結(jié)后，在530℃燒結(jié)^7LiH試樣的室溫抗拉強(qiáng)度達(dá)到最大值。

Abstract:斷口表面的分形維數(shù)是斷裂表面粗糙度的一種度量，它和材料的韌性相關(guān)。應(yīng)用小波分解技術(shù)，用“雙毯法”提取了鋯-4合金低周疲勞斷口在低頻、水平高頻、垂直高頻、對(duì)角高頻方向上的分形維數(shù)。結(jié)果表明鋯-4合金低周疲勞斷口具有分形特征；分形維數(shù)與疲勞壽命有關(guān)，疲勞壽命越高，分形維數(shù)越大；隨著分解級(jí)數(shù)的增加，不同壽命的斷口分維值之間差距加大，小波分解的級(jí)數(shù)越多，越能獲得有效的特征量；同一斷口，放大倍數(shù)不同，分形維數(shù)差異較大。低倍下（≤4000XD），隨分解級(jí)數(shù)增加，對(duì)角方向上高頻信號(hào)變化更復(fù)雜，分維值上升較快；高倍下（≥8000XD），斷口的復(fù)雜性降低。

Abstract:The influence of volume fraction on tungsten fiber/ Zr-based bulk metallic glass matrix composites was studied. The results show that the composites is fractured by shearing when the volume fraction is less than 50%; compressive strength and plastic deformation increase with the increase of volume fraction; when the volume fraction is more than 50%, the composites is fractured by bending and splitting, compressive strength increases continuously, but plastic deformation decreases with the increase of the volume fraction. The analysis indicates that mechanieal properties change with volume fraction of tungsten fiber affected by the form of shear bands.

Abstract:The influence of annealing temperature on the structure and electrochemical properties of La1.5Mg0.5Ni7.0 hydrogen storage electrode alloys was studied. XRD and SEM analyses show that the as-cast alloy consists of LaNi5 phase, LaMgNi4 phase, (La, Mg)Ni3 phase and Gd2Co7 type phase. After heat treatment, the alloys consist of Gd2Co7 type phase, Ce2Ni7 type phase and (La, Mg)Ni3 phase, and the (La, Mg)Ni3 phase content decreases and the Ce2Ni7 type phase content increases with increasing of annealing temperature. The unit cell volumes and a-axes of PuNi3 type phase increase with increasing of annealing temperature. The electrochemical studies show that the discharge capacity and cyclic stability of the alloy electrodes have been improved markedly after annealing treatment. The discharge capacity of the alloy annealed at 1073 K is the highest (391.2 mAh/g) and then decreases with increasing of annealing temperature. However, with the increase of annealing temperature, the cyclic stability of the alloy electrode increases and the cycle life of the alloy annealed at 1173 K is the longest (C150/Cmax=82%). In addition, both the as-cast and the annealed alloy electrodes have quite good HRD. The high rate dischargeability (HRD) of the alloy electrodes increases with increasing of annealing temperature and the alloy annealed at 1173 K is the best. The exchange current density (I0), the limit current density (IL) and the hydrogen diffusion coefficient (D) of the alloy electrodes are consistent with the variation of the high rate dischargeability (HRD).

Abstract:為了計(jì)算Cd在Cd0.9Zn0.1Te(CZT)晶體中的有效擴(kuò)散系數(shù)DCd與擴(kuò)散激活能QCd,利用Cd在CZT晶體中的擴(kuò)散特性,設(shè)計(jì)了在不同Cd壓下對(duì)CZT的退火實(shí)驗(yàn),推導(dǎo)出了晶體電阻率與Cd有效擴(kuò)散系數(shù)之間的函數(shù)關(guān)系,經(jīng)過(guò)計(jì)算,首次獲得了在1073 K,973 K和873 K溫度時(shí)Cd原子在CZT晶體中的有效擴(kuò)散系數(shù)DCd,分別為1.464×10-10cm2/s,1.085×10-11cm2/s和4.167×10-13cm2/s.將擴(kuò)散數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)過(guò)擬合后得到了Cd原子在CZT晶片中有效擴(kuò)散系數(shù)的表達(dá)式2.33×exp(-2.38 eV/kT)(873 K～1073 K),其中擴(kuò)散激活能QCd為2.38 eV.

Abstract:A thermodynamic calculation and data analysis were carried out for silver tin oxide composite material prepared by reaction synthesis processing using Gibbs Helmholtz equation. The results show that the reactive temperature is below 505 K, the reactive synthesis of silver tin oxide belongs to the substitution reaction of solid-solid. When the reactive temperature is over 505 K, the reactive synthesis of silver tin oxide belongs to the oxidation reaction between oxygen and solid. By the calculation of free energy per unit volume and decomposed oxygen partial pressure of SnO, SnO2 in the rang from 505 K to 1200 K, it can be determined that the final production is Ag phase and SnO2 phase for the oxygen reaction of Ag2O, Ag, Sn. But no SnO phase exists in the material. The analysis of thermodynamics calculation data and oxygen branch-pressure offers an academic foundation for preparing AgSnO2 composite material adopting reaction synthesis processing.

Abstract:A-TIG welding for titanium alloy was carried out to study effect of surface activating flux on welding penetration. Halides(CaF2, ZnF2 and MnCl2), Oxides(SiO2, TiO2 and V2O5) and elemental Te were served as fluxes. It is found that the three kinds of experimental halides can improve welding penetration, especially the welding penetration for MnCl2 reaches two times of that of conventional TIG welding. The three kinds of oxides have little effect on weld forming. Elemental Te can curiously increase welding penetration and decrease weld width. It is believed, arc constriction is the main mechanism of halides improving welding penetration of A-TIG welding for titanium alloy, but not for elemental Te.

Abstract:研究了xTi-18Mn-（50-x）Cr-32V（z=36，34，32，30，28）合金的吸／放氫性能。結(jié)果表明：隨Ti／Cr比值的減小，合金的晶格常數(shù)和晶胞體積減小，這雖然導(dǎo)致合金的最大吸氫量降低，但是合金的有效放氫量增大，且合金PCT曲線的滯后系數(shù)降低。合金（110）面法線方向上晶粒尺度的大小是影響合金放氫平臺(tái)斜率系數(shù)的因素之一。對(duì)于32Ti．18Mn．18Cr．32V合金，在273K吸氫、353K放氫的條件下，有效放氫量達(dá)到1．72％（質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)），具有實(shí)用價(jià)值。

Abstract:利用小線圈法在多功能冷坩堝電磁約束定向凝固裝置上，空載測(cè)試了矩形冷坩堝內(nèi)部空間磁場(chǎng)的大小和分布，考察了開(kāi)縫數(shù)目和開(kāi)縫長(zhǎng)度變化對(duì)磁場(chǎng)分布的影響。結(jié)果表明：增加坩堝開(kāi)縫數(shù)目可以提高坩堝透磁性，增大磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度，減少由于開(kāi)縫引起的磁場(chǎng)沿邊周分布的不均勻性，從而提高鑄件質(zhì)量；縫長(zhǎng)增大，磁場(chǎng)沿圓周方向分布的均勻性變差，最大磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度向縫長(zhǎng)增大的方向偏移，同時(shí)感應(yīng)加熱形成的熔區(qū)增大。

Abstract:對(duì)自蔓延高溫合成法制備的MgB2進(jìn)行氬氣保護(hù)下的燒結(jié)實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過(guò)X射線衍射、掃描電鏡和EDX成分分析等方法，發(fā)現(xiàn)MgB2在流動(dòng)氬氣保護(hù)下于1050℃燒結(jié)后部分轉(zhuǎn)化為MgB4。隨著燒結(jié)溫度提高，MgB4生成量增多。生成的MgB4晶粒形貌與MgB2的明顯不同。

Abstract:Acid-proof Ti based-MO2 anodes with SnO2+Sb2O4 intermediate layer were prepared by thermal decomposition method, the surface characterization of the electrodes were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elements composition and valence state of SnO2+Sb2O4 intermediate layers were analyzed with X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The polarization curves of oxygen evolution and high density (4 A/cm2) lifetime of Ti/SnO2+ Sb2O4/MnO2 and Ti/ SnO2+Sb2O4/PbO2 anodes were determined in 1.0 mol/L H2SO4 solution. Their potentials of initial oxygen evolution were lower than those of moble metals, and their lifetimes reached 18 h and 86 h, respectively. The experiment showed that the combination of SnO2+Sb2O4 is a better intermediate layer material and will play a important role in Ti/MnO2 and Ti/PbO2 anodes.

Abstract:The equivalent circuit model of the metal oxide anodes used in seawater electrolysis can be described by LRs (QdlRct) (QfRf). The L shows the complex microstructure of the electrode. The (QdlRct) describes the electrochemical behavior of the electrode/solution. The (QfRf) the physical impedance of the Ti-support/active oxide coating. Qdl and Rct do not change sharply in de-active region, but Qf and Rf change abruptly in this region. There are still some active components existing in the surface of the anode. The main reason for the deactivation of the anode is the formation of TiO2 between Ti base and the active coating. The dissolution of the active components and the mechanical lose are not the main reasons for the deactivation of the anodes, but they accelerate the formation of TiO2.

Abstract:研究了Y2O3,LiO2,CaO燒結(jié)助劑對(duì)AlN陶瓷常壓燒結(jié)致密度和性能的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),同時(shí)添加Y2O3,LiO2,CaO作為助劑,在1600℃低溫?zé)Y(jié)就能獲得具有高致密度、較小的晶粒尺寸(1μm~4μm)、較高的抗彎強(qiáng)度(331MPa)、斷裂韌性(3.8MPa·m1/2)及導(dǎo)熱率(118W·m-1·K-1)的AlN陶瓷。

Abstract:研究了鑄造A356-T6鋁合金板不同位置處的拉伸性能。采用掃描電子顯微鏡和光學(xué)顯微鏡對(duì)拉伸斷口及斷口縱剖面的組織形貌進(jìn)行了觀察分析。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，鑄造A356-T6鋁合金的拉伸屈服強(qiáng)度隨離澆道口平面距離的增加而減小，斷裂強(qiáng)度則是先減小然后再增大，而延伸率隨高度變化不明顯。鑄造A356-T6鋁合金的平均屈服強(qiáng)度、斷裂強(qiáng)度、延伸率和斷面收縮率分別為216．64MPa，224MPa，1．086％和0．194％。斷口分析表明拉伸斷口的表面分布著雜質(zhì)、孔洞、鑄造縮孔和氧化膜等缺陷，斷口表面也存在開(kāi)裂的由碳、氧、鐵、鎂、鋁和硅元素形成的復(fù)合粒子。鑄造A356-T6鋁合金在拉伸過(guò)程中，裂紋萌生于共晶硅粒子與基體結(jié)合處，并沿枝晶胞之間的共晶區(qū)域進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，當(dāng)前進(jìn)的裂紋遇到取向不一致的共晶硅粒子時(shí)，裂紋將截?cái)喙簿Ч枇Ｗ?。鑄造A356-T6鋁合金拉伸斷裂方式為沿胞（即穿晶）斷裂的準(zhǔn)解理斷。

Abstract:A two-step procedure was used for the preparation of the modified Ti/TiO2-Pt electrodes. The first step was anodisation of the titanium substrate to produce oxide film, and the second step was cathodic deposition Pt. The Ti/TiO2-Pt electrodes with nanocrystalline Pt films were obtained by galvanostatic deposit from H2PtCl4 and HCl solutions containing organic at 298 K~343 K. The mean grain sizes of Pt particles were 80 nm~130 nm. The surfaces of the as-prepared anodes before and after Pt coating were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope scanning (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The parameters such as temperature and pH were discussed. The results show that the catalytic activity of n-TiO2 is remarkably improved by Pt doping and will increase further with prolonging of Pt deposition time.

Abstract:Nanocrystalline Y2BaCuO5 was prepared by a wet sonochemical process using Y2O3, CuCl2 and BaCl2 as starting material. The influence of ultrasonic power on the crystallization and synthesized activation energy of Y2BaCuO5 were particularly investigated. Results show that the particle size and synthesized activation energy of Y2BaCuO5 decrease with the increase of ultrasonic power. Upon increasing of ultrasonic power from 100 W to 300 W, the particle size and synthesized activation energy of Y2BaCuO5 decrease from 50 nm to 30 nm and from 65 kJ/mol to 47 kJ/mol, respectively.

Abstract:采用混合鹽反應(yīng)工藝制備了A356／TiB2鋁基復(fù)合材料，通過(guò)OM，XRD，SEM，TEM和力學(xué)拉伸試驗(yàn)等材料分析方法測(cè)試了所合成復(fù)合材料的微觀組織和力學(xué)性能。研究表明：K2TiF6和KBF4混合鹽在A356鋁合金熔體溫度850℃時(shí)反應(yīng)生成的增強(qiáng)體為棒狀和粒狀TiB2，并在基體中呈均勻彌散分布，增強(qiáng)體與基體間未發(fā)生界面反應(yīng)。由于原位TiB2顆粒的強(qiáng)化和細(xì)化晶粒作用，使復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能明顯提高，經(jīng)熱處理后共晶Si發(fā)生球化。復(fù)合材料拉伸斷口呈韌性斷裂特征，增強(qiáng)顆粒與基體間界面的破壞以脫開(kāi)機(jī)制為主。

Abstract:首次選用鎳作為中間催化劑,采用吸附還原成長(zhǎng)法制備納米Ir/SPE電極,并就鍍?cè)囟群蚿H值、H2IrCl6濃度、NaBH4與H2IrCl6配比對(duì)電極制備的影響作了深入研究。研究表明:采用吸附還原成長(zhǎng)法,以Ni作為中間催化劑,濃度為22mmol·L-1NaBH4與濃度為6mmol·L-1H2IrCl6的混合液作為鍍?cè)?亦即NaBH4與H2IrCl6配比為3.6,pH值為8,鍍?cè)囟葹?0℃,鍍?cè)r(shí)間為24h的條件下,循環(huán)鍍覆3次,可獲得致密、均勻,具有良好電解性能的納米級(jí)Ir/SPE電極。

Abstract:Carbon nanotube was used as a preventing agent to prepare Ni/carbon nanotube composite nanocoatings. Effect of carbon nanotube content in electrolyte on average grain size, microstructure, microhardness and antiwear properties of the Ni/carbon nanotube composite nanocoatings was investigated. The results indicate that average grain size and microstructure of the Ni/carbon nanotube composite nanocoatings are mainly controlled by carbon nanotube content in electrolyte. The Ni/carbon nanotube composite nanocoating has an average grain size of about 16 nm as the carbon nanotube content in electrolyte is 4 wt%. The wear behaviour and microhardness of the Ni/carbon nanotube composite nanocoatings is closely related to the average grain sizes and microstructures of the Ni/carbon nanotube composite nanocoatings. The excellent antiwear and mechanical properties of the Ni/carbon nanotube composite nanocoatings are attributed to the small grains and compact microstructures of the Ni/matrix composite nanocoatings caused by carbon nanotube used as a preventing agent.

Abstract:研究了（TiB＋TiC）／Ti6242基復(fù)合材料在550℃，600℃和650℃空氣中恒溫氧化行為。用X射線衍射儀（XRD）和配有能譜儀（EDS）的掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）對(duì)氧化層表面的相組成、形貌以及氧化層剖面的顯微結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了分析，并分析了各元素對(duì)鈦基復(fù)合材料氧化動(dòng)力學(xué)行為的影響。結(jié)果表明：（TiB＋TiC）／Ti6242基復(fù)合材料的氧化層由一系列薄層組成：增強(qiáng)體TiB提高抗氧化性優(yōu)于TiC，加工可以提高其抗氧化性；氧化動(dòng)力學(xué)曲線主要為拋物線類型。

Abstract:描述了用單片試樣法研究合金成分對(duì)Zr．Sn．Nb．Fe．Cr系鋯合金在350℃，LiOH水溶液和400℃蒸汽中耐腐蝕性能影響的結(jié)果。這種單片試樣，類似于成分梯度材料，是用真空電子束焊接方法將成分不同的鋯合金小條交替焊接而成。研究結(jié)果表明：在合金成分最優(yōu)化的地方，經(jīng)400℃過(guò)熱蒸汽腐蝕120d的增重與Zr-4相當(dāng)；而經(jīng)350℃，LiOH水溶液中腐蝕110d后，耐腐蝕性能優(yōu)于Zr-4，也略優(yōu)于ZIRLO，E635等Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe系合金，與N18的耐腐蝕性能相當(dāng)。這種合金的成分為Zr-1．1-1．4Sn-0．2-0．3Nb-0．12-0．2Fe-0．02～0．03Cr。在LiOH水溶液中腐蝕時(shí)，成分對(duì)鋯合金耐腐蝕性能影響的規(guī)律顯得更為復(fù)雜，合金成分的微小變化就可能引起耐腐蝕性能的明顯差別，這或許還包含著合金元素過(guò)飽和固溶在α-Zr中產(chǎn)生的影響。用單片試樣法研究成分對(duì)鋯合金耐腐蝕性能的影響可以得到非常豐富的信息，便于發(fā)現(xiàn)耐腐蝕性能更優(yōu)良的新鋯合金。

Abstract:It is well known that direct copper plating on ABS plastics has found widely industrial application for eliminating plating. The Pd/Sn colloids for direct copper plating have better dispersivity and smaller size than the colloids for electroless electroless Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometry, nanophox, and stereoscopic microscopy were used to characterize the colloids. The good dispersivity colloids have excellent catalysis for direct copper plating and its UV-VIS peaks are broadened. In order to enhance the dispersivity and minimize the particle size, vanillin was added to colloids solution in the present investigation.

Abstract:This paper studied the deposit process of electroless Ni-P on die casting magnesium alloys using SEM and GDA spectrum analysis instrument etc. The results indicated that pre-treatment made magnesium alloys surface netted-porous, loose MgF2 and AIF3 layer formed after activation process. The initial deposit process of electroless Ni-P was precipitation of Ni without P atom, followed by Ni nucleating and growing up, the Ni of self-catalysis formed, the nickel phosphorus began to co-deposit. There exited mixing layer composed of complex compound, fluoride, plating liquid and Ni in the initial deposit coating.

Abstract:采用電子束物理氣相沉積（EB-PVD）技術(shù)，成功制備了0．2mm厚由24層Ti．Al和23層Nb交替疊加而成的Ti—AI／Nb層板復(fù)合材料，并采用掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）等測(cè)試手段，對(duì)其物相組成和斷口形貌等與Ti-Al單層材料進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。結(jié)果表明，Ti—AI／Nb層板復(fù)合材料的界面明晰，層間距約為8gm；Ti-AI層由γ相和τ相組成，其成分呈梯度變化，且平均成分與原始鑄錠的成分偏差較大，但未發(fā)現(xiàn)Ti-Al單層材料中看到的分層現(xiàn)象；Ti-AI／Nb層板復(fù)合材料具有比Ti-Al單層材料更好的韌性。

Abstract:研究了高能球磨過(guò)程中A1203相結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。結(jié)果表明：隨著球磨時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)，粉末中發(fā)生了γ-Al2O3→a—Al2O3的轉(zhuǎn)變，這一點(diǎn)對(duì)于降低碳熱還原反應(yīng)激活能是不利的；高能球磨20h，A1203部分非晶化，而且有立方結(jié)構(gòu)AIN生成：高能球磨過(guò)程中形成的AIN，結(jié)構(gòu)不同于常規(guī)六方結(jié)構(gòu)氮化鋁；增加球磨能量，立方AIN生成量增加；650r／min高能球磨40h，AIN生成量達(dá)到72％。

Abstract:The bulk MgB2 was prepared by the high energy ball-milled Mg/B precursor powder. The influences of the synthesis parameters, i.e., the milling time, the heat-treatment temperature and the holding time, on the density of bulk MgB2 were investigated. The densification behavior of the Mg and B reaction sinter was analyzed in theory.

Abstract:為實(shí)現(xiàn)鎂合金AZ31B與鈦合金Ti6A14V的可靠連接，研究了兩者以Al為中間層的瞬間液相擴(kuò)散焊接頭的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)與連接強(qiáng)度。研究結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)焊接時(shí)間為180min時(shí)，焊接溫度是影響界面反應(yīng)熱力學(xué)與動(dòng)力學(xué)的主要參數(shù)，其對(duì)接頭的微觀組織、接頭界面新生相構(gòu)成與連接強(qiáng)度有重要影響。保溫溫度低于450℃時(shí)，AZ3IB／AI界面無(wú)液相產(chǎn)生，無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)AZ31B與Ti6A14V的可靠連接；保溫溫度在450℃～480℃變化時(shí)，溫度對(duì)AZ31B／Al／Ti6A14V界面反應(yīng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)因素有明顯影響，且直接決定了焊后接頭新生相的構(gòu)成與分布。470℃保溫180min的接頭剪切強(qiáng)度較高（72．4MPa），達(dá)到AZ31B母材（86MPa）的84．2％。