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Abstract:A review of research development of surface modification of Zircaloy is presented. Pre-film, ion-implantation and laser surface treatment are mainly summarized. For pre-film methods, pre-oxidation in autoclave, evaporated coatings and anodic oxidation are briefly introduced, then, the effect and principle of Y, La and Nb are explained for ion-implantation, finally, the research progress of laser surface melting (LSM) and laser surface alloying (LSA) is presented for laser surface treatments.

Abstract:研究不同變形條件對Mg-2.2Nd-0.5Zn-0.5Zr合金室溫拉伸性能和組織的影響.經(jīng)過不同條件的熱擠壓變形后,該合金的強度和延性都有不同程度的增加,屈強比從0.58提高到0.87左右.固定變形溫度時,強度隨變形速率增大而降低,延性反之.固定變形速率時,升高變形溫度則強度降低,延性增加.彌散于晶界的Mg9Nd化合物細化了晶粒.變形態(tài)Mg-Nd合金的高溫超塑拉伸研究發(fā)現(xiàn),375℃是該合金的最佳超塑變形溫度,應變速率在1×10-2s-1時,延伸率達到329%;當變形速率提高到2×10-2s-1時,該合金的延伸率仍可達到213%.分析不同真應變下的組織發(fā)現(xiàn),在變形初期發(fā)生動態(tài)再結晶,晶粒得到破碎而變得細小,隨著變形程度的增加,晶粒長大程度較小.在變形后的斷口形貌中發(fā)現(xiàn),Mg-Nd合金的超塑變形機制為晶界滑移控制下的孔洞連接協(xié)調(diào)機制.

Abstract:采用懸浮熔煉方法合成了FeSb合金，并研究了其作為鋰離子電池負極材料的電化學性能。結果發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然FeSb的容量低于純銻。但其循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性要優(yōu)于純銻。本實驗采用恒電流間隙滴定技術(GITT)測定了在嵌鋰過程中鋰離子的化學擴散系數(shù)，在30℃時，該值在10^-12cm^2s^-1～10^-10cm^2s^-1范圍內(nèi)。

Abstract:通過對Mg(2-x)MxNi(M=Ti，Ag，Al)儲氫合金材料的焓變、熵變、吸氫量與組成和鍵參數(shù)之間關系的分析，建立了焓變、熵變和吸氫量的半經(jīng)驗數(shù)學模型，得出影響焓變、熵變、平衡氫壓和吸氫量的主要因素及其顯著性的大小。結果表明：在所研究的合金體系中，電負性差△X和彈性模量G增大，則氫化物的生成焓△H^0負值減小，原子尺寸δ增大時，氫化物的H^0負值增大。氫化物的△S^0隨著△X增大而增大。合金彈性模量、原子尺寸、電荷半徑和溫度越高，材料的儲氫量越大，而電子密度越大，材料的儲氫量反而越小。

Abstract:Tungsten fiber reinforced Zr-Ti-Cu-Be-Co bulk metallic amorphous matrix composite was fabricated by a pressure infiltrating cast method. The deformation behaviors and mechanical properties were investigated. The results indicated that Tungsten fiber reinforced bulk metallic glass matrix composite not only holds high strength of pure Zr-Ti-Cu-Be-Co bulk metallic glass, but also exhibits the strain of more than 900% higher than those of pure Zr-Ti-Cu-Be-Co bulk metallic glass. The compressive failure mode of the composite shifts from shear to the localized fiber buckling and tilting with the increase of the volume fraction of tungsten fibers. The increase in compressive toughness comes from the fibers restricting shear band propagation, promoting the generation of multiple shear bands.

Abstract:Based on Ansys software, the influences of shape, size, position and pitch of holes on AZ91D Mg alloy die casting stress distribution were studied. The results show that the influences of shape of hole on stress distribution lie on the minimum included angle formed by two lines, one line is x axis, the other is the tie line of sharp corner apex and center of hole. The stress concentration increases with the increases of the minimum inclination and the size of hole. The influence effect of the open hole is greater than the inner hole. The influence is very faint when the pitch of holes is beyond a critical value, and the stress concentration increases quickly with the decrease of the pitch of holes. Lastly, the hole distribution and the strength of AZ91D Mg alloy for engine head mantle die casting are actually measured. It is shown that the results of theoretical analysis are in consonance with the experiments.

Abstract:Three different compositions of NbTi wires have been fabricated by using alternately pure Nb and Ti sheets with Ti contents from 42.5% to 56.6% by adjusting the relative thickness of the Nb and Ti sheets in the monofilaments. Two kinds of heating treatments were discussed and the Nb/Ti interface microstructure and diffusion morphology of cross-section have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the Jc values are 2 800 A/mm2 at 5 T/4.2K and 4 200 A/mm2 at 3 T/4.2 K. With the increase of Ti content, Jc is higher at low magnetic fields (<5 T), but lower and decreasing rapidly at high magnetic fields. Jc decreases slight slowly for the lower Ti samples. At a given temperature, higher Jc can be gotten by using shorter time of heat treatment for the higher Ti samples, and by using longer time for the lower Ti samples.

Abstract:研究了Ti-13Nb-13Zr合金在β相區(qū)和α β相區(qū)固溶和時效處理后合金的力學性能變化規(guī)律。利用光學顯微鏡、掃描電鏡和透射電鏡觀察和X射線衍射分析，重點分析了不同顯微組織對合金強韌性的影響。結果表明：含有一定數(shù)量初生α析出相的加工態(tài)組織具有較高的強度和斷裂韌性。固溶時效處理后，隨著顯微組織的形貌、晶粒大小和數(shù)量的不同，其對強度和斷裂韌性的影響也有所不同。

Abstract:采用超聲波化學鍍的方法，在SnO2粉末表面包覆Ag，獲得超細的Ag-SnO2復合粉末，并用粉末冶金工芝，制備出AgSnO2觸頭材料。研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，粉末中存在的雜質(zhì)導致AgSnO2材料的壓力加工性能顯著下降。通過金相組織及電子顯微鏡(SEM)的形貌觀察、能譜成分分析（EDX)等手段，對燒結試樣的組織進行了深入研究。結果表明：化學鍍銀時所用AgNO3中的雜質(zhì)阻止了Ag-SnO2粉末在燒結過程的融合長大．導致粉末之間形成大量的孔洞及三角界面。使粉末之間結合力下降，材料的壓力加工性能變差差?；谏鲜鲅芯拷Y果，制備出密度為9．98g/cm63，電阻率低至2.13μΩcm，并具有優(yōu)異的加工性能的AgSnO2材料。

Abstract:采用大變形鍛造法，研究了7075鋁合金在低溫大變形下的顯微組織的演化，為制取超細晶組織提供一個新的方法。利用透射電子顯微鏡分析了合金在不同條件下的組織形貌特征。結果表明，通過超低溫大變形能夠得到超細晶組織，晶粒尺寸約為0．5μm。對本實驗中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)形變孿晶的原因進行了討論。合金的變形機制主要是位錯滑移，晶粒碎化和幾何動態(tài)再結晶機制。

Abstract:Laser surface alloying with C and C+Nb was used to modify the surface properties of Ti-46Al-2Cr-1.5Nb-lV alloy. The microstructure of the laser alloyed surface layer was studied as function of laser processing parameters. The oxidation resistance properties of the original alloy and the samples with the laser surface treatment with C and C+ Nb at high temperature were investigated. The results indicate that, by laser alloying with with C and C+Nb, the particles of TiC were "in-situ" produced in the laser surface layer. Nb exists in the TiAl matrix as the solute atom. The size, shape and distribution of TiC are strongly dependent on the laser processing parameters. By laser surface alloying with C and C+Nb powders, the oxidation resistance is improved obviously, and the sample alloying with C+Nb exhibits the best oxidation resistance.

Abstract:Magnesium has almost the same density, elastic modulus and strength as human bone. In fact human body contains much more magnesium than titanium. The challenge of magnesium is to improve its corrosion and biocompatibility to body fluids while it is used as implants. This paper reports the results of a study in which untreated or treated magnesium samples were subjected to cyto-compatibility tests and hemolysis tests. The results show that no the change of cells morphological or inhibitory effect on cell growth were detected in the cyto-compatibility tests. In hemolysis tests, the untreated magnesium had hemolytic effect, whereas the hemolysis of heat-treated and heatorganic filmtreated samples is within the demand (<5%). Therefore, it is very possible to use magnesium and its alloys as hard tissue substitutes if their surface is properly modified.

Abstract:The influence of heat and force factors and their interaction, such as forging temperature, heat treatment process, deformation amount, on the element diffusion of Al, Nb, V at weld zone has been investigated for the Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo/TC4 dual alloy billet after welded in vacuum and rolled or treated. Investigations showed that the energy of atom motion can increase with the increase of deformation amount and heat treatment temperature, favorable for the elements diffusion and the homogenization of micro-hardness due to the change of shape and size for the grains and phases and short diffusion journey of fine grains at the weld seam. It is found that the concentration of niobium is high at the Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo side of weld seam. There are two reasons: one is niobium diffusion out from DO19 lattice when re-solidified during welding; the other is local deposit of niobium to fill up the vacancies when AI, Mo diffused out the lattice. The heat treatment route can affect the diffusion rate through changing the morphology of microstructure at weld zone.

Abstract:Adopting bonding technology, the giant magnetostrictive composites have been prepared. The effects of preparation conditions, such as powder composition, powder size, magnetic field orientation and powder surface treatment, on the static elastic modulus and compressive strength for the giant magnetostrictive composites have been investigated in this paper. It is found that the powder size and the powder surface treatment have obvious effects on the static elastic modulus and compressive strength, and few effect for the powder composition and the magnetic field orientation, but the powder composition has effects on the static elastic modulus.

Abstract:研究了Ir/Re噴管制備過程中的Ir/Mo互擴散問題。在電子探針測量的基礎上,根據(jù)擴散理論和Ir-Mo相圖數(shù)據(jù),建立并推導Ir/Mo擴散模型和解。計算得到Ir3Mo相中的互擴散系數(shù)為:D=9.0×10-9exp(-1.46eV/kT)(cm2/s),Ir基固溶體中的互擴散系數(shù)為:D=5.0×10-10exp(-1.1eV/kT)(cm2/s)。確定噴管中Ir/Mo互擴散的特點,給出估算Ir3Mo相層厚的方法。確定Re在Ir3Mo相中的擴散主要是受Ir控制。

Abstract:Secondary ion mass spectra analysis (SIMS) has been employed to construct the diffusion model of Ga in SiO2/Si system during doping and to study the distribution of Ga in silicon. Based on the above model, conclusions have been drawn as following: (1) Ga has a linear distribution and enters Si due to the segregation of SiO2/Si interface. As a result, the diffusion model of Ga was established. (2) Through controlling the temperature and adjusting the time during pre-deposition, and combination of them, an idea purity distribution can be obtained. (3) The planar junction with high uniformity and good repetition will be obtained by the above process, indicating that Ga has ideally diffused into silicon through the perfect interface.

Abstract:A new type of silver tin oxide contact material was fabricated by reaction synthesis processing and hot extrusion in the paper. The phases of AgSnO2 (10) after reaction synthesis processing were determined by X-ray diffraction. Electrical contact life of AgSnO2(10) were experimented with direct current. The surface morphologies of melting range was examined by scanning electron microscope(SEM), and the element compositions of surface were analyzed by electro-probe microanalyser (EPMA), the microstructure and composition of the surface of arc erosion are also analyzed. Four kinds surface morphologies of the AgSnO2(10) materials were classified.

Abstract:CeO2 superfine powder was well prepared by laser heating gas-evaporation method with a 150 W CW CO2 laser as light source and Ce2(CO3)3 as targets. All the effects of process reaction parameters on products have been well researched. Measurements such as XRD, TEM were used to characterize the superfine particles. The obtained results show that many parameters such as the laser power density, reaction pressure, sort and rate of airflows affect the size and morphorlogy of nanoparticles. The size of the particle changes within 50 nm-80 nm in Ar atmosphere, and 10 nm-20 nm in deoxidization atmosphere of H2.

Abstract:Monodispersed spherical Y2O3:Eu3+ nanocrystallines were successfully prepared by a novel gel-network coprecipitition process. The effect of reaction conditions on the resulting particles was investigated. XRD,TEM and fluoresce spectra were used to characterize the samples. The results show that the samples were spherical with a particle size of 13 nm-25 nm. Compared with micronscale Y2O3:Eu3+, a clear red shift occurs in the excitation spectrum of Y2O3:Eu3+ nanocrystalline prepared by the present work.

Abstract:A wear resistant Cr13Ni5Si2-based metal silicide coating was fabricated on a substrate of titanium alloy BT20 by laser cladding process of Cr-Ni-Si alloy powders. Wear resistance of the coating was evaluated under block-on-wheel dry sliding wear test conditions at room-temperature. Microstructure of the coating is consisted of Cr13Ni5Si2 primary dendrites and small amount of Cr13Ni5Si2/ Cr3Ni5Si2 eutectics. The laser-clad Cr13Ni5Si2-based coating exhibited an excellent wear resistance under dry sliding wear test conditions.

Abstract:Sm2(Fe,M)17 (M=Nb) alloy is prepared through HDDR (Hydrogen-Disproportionation-Desorption-Recombination) method. Influence of Nb element addition on the microstrcuture of Sm2Fe17 alloy was studied. The results show that the as-cast structure of Sm2(Fe,M)17(M=Nb) alloy can be improved effectively.

Abstract:在乙醇和水的混合溶劑中合成了均苯四甲酸(H4L)銪發(fā)光配合物。通過元素、化學分析、紅外光譜確定其化學組成為Eu4/3L·7H2O。熱分析表明,配合物在530℃以下穩(wěn)定性較好,X射線衍射結果表明,配合物為晶體物質(zhì),掃描電鏡照片表明配合物為塊狀物質(zhì),晶粒10μm-20μm,熒光光譜分析表明配合物在紫外光的激發(fā)下發(fā)出銪的特征熒光。

Abstract:Carbon/carbon composite has good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, but has no bioactivity. Titanium oxide film was deposited onto the carbon-carbon composite using ion beam enhanced deposition, then subjected to alkali treatment, heat treatment in vacuum, immersion in the simulated body fluid (SBF) and scratch test. It was found that a porous network of sodium titanate gel was formed after the titanium oxide film was alkali treated, and the gel layer could induce deposition of bioactive apatite layer in SBF. The porous gel layer became denser and the apatite deposition rate was decreased after heat treatment. The scratch test showed that the bonding strength of the alkali treated titanium oxide film was slightly increased after heat treatment, but bonding strength of the films was limited by the soft carbon/carbon composite substrate.

Abstract:Physico-chemical characterization of commercially available Pt/C catalysts before and after methanol oxidation experiments was carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the electrocatalytic performance of the glassy carbon electrode modified with the carbon supported Pt nanoparticles for the oxidation of methanol has been studied by means of electrochemical method. The experimental results showed that the Pt/C/GC electrode had high electrocatalytic activity for the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol. The electrochemical reduction of the Pt oxide is inhibited owing to the strong binding of Pt to the support in the Pt/C catalyst. By means of SEM and cyclic voltammetric studies, it was shown that a surface structure-sensitive effect might exist during electrooxidation of methanol on Pt/C catalyst.

Abstract:通過實施不同的退火熱處理工藝，調(diào)整合金中強化相的析出狀態(tài)，制備具有不同退火狀態(tài)的幾組拉伸試樣。對每組試樣在未充氫和充氫后按相同的條件進行拉伸試驗對該組試樣的脆化作用。通過比較不同組試樣的脆化表現(xiàn)通過比較未充氫試樣和充氫后試樣的強度和塑性，評價氫考察退火狀態(tài)對Inconel 718氫脆傾向的影響。試驗結果表明，隨著退火程度的加強，強化相體積分數(shù)減少，氫引起的塑性損失下降，即抗氫脆性能改善。該結果說明，強化相γ″和γ′對Inconel 718合金的氫脆有促進作用。因此，根據(jù)不同工業(yè)應用要求，在符合強度要求的前提下，可以通過熱處理改善零件的抗氫脆性能。

Abstract:The SiW12 modified Pt electrode was prepared by a cyclic voltammetry scan in H2SO4 containing SiW12. During the preparation of modified electrode, we found a redox reaction of SiW12 in hydrogen area on the Pt electrode, but the adsorption increasing for the particles containing Oxygen in Oxygen area on the electrode surface. The electrochemical behaviour of this modified electrode in H2SO4 and its electrocatalytic effect to methanol oxidation were studied by cyclic voltammograms and I-t curves of constant voltage. The results show that the Pt electrode modified by Silicatungstic acid has not only the higher catalytic activity to methanol oxidation, but also the effect decreasing CO poison.

Abstract:利用W，Mo，Si粉末燃燒合成復合發(fā)熱元件原料，制備WSi2／MoSi2復合發(fā)熱元件。通過顯微結構和力學性能、物理性能的測試分析表明：復合發(fā)熱元件顯微組織細小、分布較均勻，結晶相主要是以固溶形式的(WxMoy)Si2以及少量(WxMoy)5Si3相存在(其中x y=1)，玻璃相是以SiO2和Al2O3為主，并含有少量的Na，Mg，K，Ca等金屬氧化物；斷口晶粒細小，主要表現(xiàn)為沿晶斷裂，抗彎強度和顯微硬度較高；復合發(fā)熱元件電阻率與MoSi2發(fā)熱元件相近，沒有老化現(xiàn)象：燒損溫度高于MoSi2發(fā)熱元件80℃，熱膨脹系數(shù)低于MoSi2發(fā)熱元件，熱穩(wěn)定性較好；復合發(fā)熱元件表面膜是一種復合硅氧膜，成膜質(zhì)量較好。

Abstract:以H2WO4和CuSO4·H2O(W:Cu=70g:30g)為原料,采用化學共沉淀方法制備W-Cu化合物粉末,其反應條件為:反應溫度25℃±1℃,pH值5.0-5.2,陳化時間8h±1h。設計了封閉循環(huán)氫還原系統(tǒng),用此系統(tǒng)進行氫氣熱還原,不僅使氫氣得到充分利用,而且容易判斷反應終點。通過系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的特殊裝置除水,降低了還原溫度,在600℃下還原得到W和Cu混合均勻的復合粉。其粒徑小于70nm。

Abstract:采用Ti基活性釬料對高強石墨進行了高溫釬焊試驗。研究了焊接溫度、保溫時間、焊料量、降溫速率對試樣連接強度的影響。通過正交實驗優(yōu)選工藝，確定最佳工藝為：焊接溫度1420℃，保溫時間20min，焊料量280mg，降溫速率10℃／min。所得連接件的最高相對抗彎強度為62．55％。微觀結構研究表明，在石墨／焊料界面處C元素和Ti元素發(fā)生了顯著的互擴散，生成了厚度約15μm的反應層，實現(xiàn)了良好的界面結合。接頭區(qū)域XRD分析表明，在石墨／焊料界面上幾乎全部為TiC，在焊料內(nèi)部距此界面200μm處仍有部分TiC存在，但主相是純Ti，還有部分Ti2Ni。在焊料內(nèi)部距此界面400μm處主相是純Ti，次相是Ti2Ni，無TiC存在。

Abstract:Six kinds of cladding combination of nanometal with one or two layers were electrodeposited on the surface of NdFeB powders. The electrode potential of those powders were measured to be a mixed potential combined NdFeB and deposited metals. It was shown that the properties of magnetic powder were related to the property of deposited metals. The resistivity of magnets showed the mixed resistivity of NdFeB and deposited metals. It was found that the resistivity of the sample deposited by the nano-Zn/Ni film increased abnormally, and its (BH)m and Hc decreased in various degrees.

Abstract:The feasibility of Al2O3p/6061Al composites materials brazing in resistance furnace protected by argon gas is investigated. Results show that the brazed joint with good quality can be got by using the reasonable brazing filler metal and proper brazing flux (HL401+QJ201) and the optimum brazing technological parameters. The mechanical properties of brazed joint, such as shearing strengthen and microhardness have been tested, and the microstructure analyses such as metallographic observation, XRD and SEM, have been done to discuss the mechanism of the brazed joint forming in theory, providing some information on how to get excellent brazed joint.

Abstract:研究了H2壓力、溫度對NdFeB鑄塊和鑄片吸氫的影響。結果表明,NdFeB鑄塊和鑄片在吸氫過程中均明顯存在孕育期,其吸氫過程均可分為4個階段:孕育期階段、慢速吸氫階段、快速吸氫階段和緩慢吸氫階段。隨著H2壓力(1×lO5Pa-4×105Pa)和溫度(293K-373K)的升高,NdFeB鑄塊和鑄片的吸氫速度加快,孕育期縮短。且當溫度升至一定程度時,鑄塊的孕育期消失,而鑄片的吸氫始終存在孕育期。鑄片吸氫過程中的Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ階段的吸氫時間均明顯長于鑄塊,而第Ⅳ階段的吸氫時間則較短。研究同時表明,NdFeB鑄塊和鑄片的吸氫量幾乎不受氫氣壓力的影響,但隨溫度的升高,吸氫量減少。

Abstract:采用高功率連續(xù)波固體Nd：YAG激光輻照，在置于N2反應室中的NiTi形狀記憶合金表面制備激光氣體氮化層。實驗表明：選擇適當?shù)募す廨椪展に噮?shù)，可獲得致密的TIN增強金屬基復合材料(MMC)梯度涂層，改性層的表面被厚度為1μm～2μm的TIN陶瓷層封閉，涂層內(nèi)部TIN增強相呈梯度分布。掃描電鏡(SEM)及能譜(EDX)分析結果表明，MMC改性層與基體NiTi合金間存在良好的冶金結合，界面處成分均勻過渡，表面Ni含量極低。顯微硬度測試及磨損試驗結果表明，激光氣體氮化顯著提高了NiTi合金的表面硬度和耐磨性。說明激光表面改性有效地改善了NiTi形狀記憶合金作為生物醫(yī)學材料使用的表面成分和性能，并將有效地抑制有害元素Ni^2 的釋放。

Abstract:Cu(NO3)2and (NH4)2Mo2O7 were used to fabricate Mo/Cu composite nanopowders by sol-gel technique. The influences of heat treatment process, solution pH value and the addition agent on the particle size were investigated by DTA-TG, XRD and TEM. The results show that under certain heat treatment temperature, the quantity of the addition agent influences the grain size of nanoparticle. When the quantity ratio of addition agent is 0.5, we can get fine nanoparticles with small grain size and homogeneous granularity. The particle sizes are varied under various solution acidities. When pH values change form 1 to 4, the particle sizes increase with the increase of pH value, the most suitable pH value is 1.

Abstract:The discrimination between CuCr25 and CuCr50 alloys for the cathode spot craters with peak currents of 10 A and 80 A has been studied in this paper. The microstructure analysis showed that the CuCr alloys has an important effect on the discrimination, in which the size of Cr phase plays an main role in effecting the moving direction and distribution of cathode spot craters. It can well be explained why the chopping current of CuCr25 is less than CuCr50 by the direct measurements of chopping current and arc lifetime by oscillograph. All above useful conclusions will provide powerful supports on decreasing chopping current by minimizing the size of Cr phase for CuCr alloys.

Abstract:用X射線衍射法研究測定了熱推制成形和退火后的環(huán)形純鈦管表面的殘余應力及分布特點；用OM觀察了退火后的試樣金相組織：測定了不同退火溫度下，鈦管抗拉性能，并用SEM觀察了拉伸斷口形貌。研究結果發(fā)現(xiàn)：熱推制加工后的環(huán)形鈦管變形不均勻，存在殘余應力；經(jīng)700℃～750℃再結晶退火后，可有效的降低殘余應力；再結晶退火后環(huán)形管獲得細小等軸晶粒，使抗拉塑性增高。

Abstract:研究了巰基活性炭在鹽酸介質(zhì)中對金、鉑、鈀和鉈的吸附能力。該法具有吸附速度快、吸附容量大、在一定條件下，普通金屬不被吸附的特點，可用于分離富集各類礦物中微量貴金屬。吸附后巰基活性炭低溫灰化，與緩沖劑混合發(fā)射光譜法同時測定金、鉑、鈀和鉈，選擇鋯作內(nèi)標線，直接壓樣于杯形的石墨電極中，該方法簡便、快速、準確。對測定條件、干擾因素進行了研究，從而建立測定金、鉑、鈀和鉈的新方法。金、鉑、鈀和鉈的分析線分別為312.3nm，306．5nm，311．4nm和313．1nm，內(nèi)標線選擇為310．7nm的鋯，金、鉑、鈀和鉈的線性范圍(原子百分數(shù))分別為0～0．20％，0～0．40％，0～0．20％和0～0．40％。金、鉑、鈀和鉈的檢測限分別0．01％，0．003％，0．003％和0．001％。用于樣品的測定獲得滿意結果。