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Abstract:用熱擴(kuò)散偶實(shí)驗(yàn)和熱力學(xué)模型研究和計(jì)算了 Ｎｉ－Ａｌ－Ｃｒ系富 Ｎｉ區(qū)γ，ａ，γ’和β相的相平衡。用規(guī)則溶體和亞點(diǎn)陣模型計(jì)算了該體系９００℃－１３００℃區(qū)間的等溫截面，計(jì)算結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)值相符合。

Abstract:Zr52. 5Cu17. 9Ni14.6Al1.0Ti5 bulky glass sheets with thickness of 2mm were prepared by a water-cooled copper mold casting. The volume fraction of quenched-in crystallines were controlled by changing oxygen impurity content and overheating level. The results show: low oxygen content and enough large overheating level can improve the glass formation ability of the present ahoy. Fully amorphous sheet with a thickness of 2mm displays high fractured strength (1 710MPa). Samples with volume fraction of 2% still have high fractured strength (1 580MPa), but that of samples with volume fraction of 7% reduce rapidly to 1 220MPa. The reason for decreasing of fracture strength is that quenched-in crystals embedded on the amorphous matrix induce initiation and propagation of crack.

Abstract:A new recovery Process of Pd in the lower-Pd alloy wastes is presented. Firstly, using hydrolytic property of Pd(NO3)2 (when heating), the Pd in the wastes is concentrated, and is PdO. H2O producted. Then, using a Pd[(NH3)2Cl2] method, Pd can be recovery and purified. The.direct recovery ratio of Pd reaches 92.8%, and recovery ratio is up to 98.4%. The new recovery method has the advantages of shorter processing cycle, less consumption of reagent and lower cost. It is one of effective methods of recoverying Pd from lower-Pd alloy wastes.

Abstract:Y203 -doped aluminum nitride(AIN) ceramic with thermal conductivity varying from 90 W/m K-162.5W/mo K at room temperature were produced by powder injection molding (PIM). The effects of the amount of additives and sintering condition on the composition of second phase. and the thermal properties are studied and discussed in detail. The experimental results show that the composition, distribution and oxygen content of the second phase have a great effect on the thermal conductivity.

Abstract:The history of research and development in high-temperature titanium alloys is briefly reviewed. the current status of particulate-reinforced titanium matrix composites is discussed in detail. Finally the future trends in the research of titanium matrix composite are also proposed.

Abstract:The principle of magnetic refrigeration, proof-principle demonstration apparatus and its development are introduced. The materials for magnetic refrigeration and their applications are reviewed. Some suggestions how to develop magnetic refrigeration in China rapidly are also presented.

Abstract:An experimental set-up was designed for measuring the self-field losses of Bi2223/Ag HTS tapes using a transport current method. The frequency of transport current can be freely changed from 0.5 Hz to 1000Hz. Its amplitude can be as much as 100A. The self-field losses of Bi2223/Ag tapes,which are made by the traditional PIT method with the critical current of 15.5A and SC/Ag ratio of about 0.25 were measured at 77K with differnt frequency transport currents. The results are compared with those predicted by the Norris equations based on the critical state model. When the frequency of AC current is low the AC losses of Bi2223/Ag multifilamentry tapes are domestically hysterestic; As soon as the frequencies are more than 200 Hz, the eddy current losses can not be neglected.

Abstract:A special heat treatment process was used to separate the microstructural parameters, mainly grain size and lamellar spacing. The strengthening effect of grain size and lamellar spacing on fully lamellar alloy has been studied. The result reveals that the yield strength increases with decreasing grain size and lamellar spacing. A model of yield strength is proposed to explain the strengthening effect of grain size and lamellar spacing:

Abstract:The mechanically milled Ti-Al binary composite powders were observed and analyzed using SEM, EPM and TEM. The experimental results show that with increasing milling time, particle sizes of composite powders remarkably and rapidly increase at first, then greatly decrease, and finally decrease to a constant. The Ti particles form "jujube-cake" in Al powders during mechanical alloying. With increasing time, a obvious lamellar structure forms, lamellar spacing decreases and TiIA1 interfaces disappear, and finally amorphous structure forms. However, the Ti-Al intermetallic compounds did not produce during the whole process.

Abstract:采用真空熔煉和燒結(jié)的方法制備了新型熱電材料β-Zn4Sb3。X射線衍射分析表明樣品為單相。2種樣品從室溫到723K溫度范圍內(nèi)的電學(xué)性能測(cè)量表明，β-Zn4Sb3在500K～650K時(shí)具有較高的功率因子，真空熔煉樣品的性能要優(yōu)于燒結(jié)樣品，其功率因子在623K時(shí)達(dá)到最大值3.9μW.cm^-1.k^-2。β-Zn4Sb3在熱電轉(zhuǎn)換領(lǐng)域有潛在的應(yīng)用前景。

Abstract:利用射流成型法制備了厚度為2mm的Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5金屬玻璃薄板，通過(guò)控制氧含量和過(guò)熱度來(lái)改變玻璃薄板中淬態(tài)結(jié)晶相的體積分?jǐn)?shù)。研究表明：低的氧含量水平和高的過(guò)熱度有利于提高該合金的 玻璃形成能力，形成完全非晶的合金；完全非晶的2mmZr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5大體積金屬玻璃薄板其斷裂應(yīng)力為1710MPa，彈性模量為80GPa，彈塑性為2.2%，提高合金中的氧含量水平或者降低熔體過(guò)熱度都有利于結(jié)晶相析出，基體中出現(xiàn)2%和6%的結(jié)晶相時(shí)，斷裂應(yīng)力分別降為1580MPa和1220MPa。淬態(tài)結(jié)晶相的析出改變了Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5大體積金屬玻璃剪切流變的變形方式，使材料脆斷。

Abstract:Ｚｒ（Ｍｎ０．４５－ｘＮｉ０．５５Ｖｘ）２（ｘ＝０．０５～０．４０）Ｌａｖｅｓ相儲(chǔ)氫合金中的Ｚｒ－Ｎｉ相類型主要有ＺｒＮｉ和Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１相。ＺｒＮｉ１１相在整個(gè)研究的成分范圍內(nèi)出現(xiàn)，而 ＺｒＮｉ相僅在ｘ＝０．２０－０．４０范圍內(nèi)出現(xiàn)。Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１相的含量與合金中的 Ｍｎ、Ｖ含量關(guān)系不大，而ＺｒＮｉ相的含量隨合金中的Ｍｎ、Ｖ含量變化呈增加趨勢(shì)。Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１和ＺｒＮｉ相的晶格常數(shù)隨合金中的Ｍｎ、Ｖ含量變化而出現(xiàn)波動(dòng)。Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１相為長(zhǎng)程有序結(jié)構(gòu)，有序堆垛方向?yàn)椋郏保埃埃莺停郏埃保埃?，同時(shí)ＺｒＮｉ１１相基本上被包圍在Ｃ１５相中間，并與Ｃ１５相存在一定取向關(guān)系，Ｚｒ９Ｎｉ１１相的＜１１１＞晶向與Ｃ１５相的＜１１０＞晶向基本平行，兩者的差值在２°～３°之間。

Abstract:Surface layer of tantalum produced in the mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen has been investigated using SEM and XRD. It was found that the reactions on surface of tantalum in H-O-N atmosphere can be changed by plasma. The reaction products are Ta6N2.57 and/or amorphous phase instead of Ta205. Meanwhile, the roughness of surface of tantalum treated in plasamn decreases by an order, as compared with that of tantalum treated without plasma. The reason is that changed media and the interaction between tantalum and the cathode sheath of plasma prevent from forming the rough Ta205.

Abstract:采用粉末冶金方法制備了新型銀稀土氧化物觸頭材料 Ａｇ／Ｌａ２Ｏ３，它的密度為 ９．７１ｇ／ｃｍ３－９．９６ｇ／ｃｍ３，硬度為７６０ＭＰａ－９７０Ｍｐａ，電阻率為２．２５μΩ·ｃｍ－２．３８μΩ·ｃｍ。利用掃描電鏡（ＳＥＭ）及能譜分析（ＥＤＳ），對(duì)Ａｇ／Ｌａ２Ｏ觸頭材料的顯微組織進(jìn)行了分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)Ｌａ２Ｏ３在Ａｇ基體中呈極細(xì)小球狀（直徑＜０．５μｍ）及不規(guī)則形（直徑＜３μｍ）２種形態(tài)均勻分布，經(jīng)激光模擬電弧作用后，Ｌａ２Ｏ３呈細(xì)小球狀（＜２．５μｍ）分布于Ａｇ熔化區(qū)中，有助于減少Ａｇ液的飛濺侵蝕。經(jīng)與Ａｇ／ＳｎＯ２及Ａｇ／ＣｄＯ觸頭材料的主要物理、機(jī)械性能相對(duì)比，所研制的Ａｇ／ＬａＯ３觸頭材料與后兩者性能相近，因此有可能成為一種可替代 Ａｇ／ＣｄＯ的新型觸頭材料。

Abstract:采用X衍射、BET氮吸附法和DTA差熱分析方法對(duì)球磨后的90W-7Ni-3Fe(質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)）納米復(fù)合粉的組織結(jié)構(gòu)變化、表面特性和熱穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。XRD和DTA的分析結(jié)果表明：球磨可以生成納米復(fù)合粉，晶粒內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生很大的晶格畸變，同時(shí)球磨產(chǎn)生的密度和缺陷使原子擴(kuò)散加快，形成超飽和固溶體、非晶和擴(kuò)大W在粘結(jié)相中的溶解度，BET氮吸附結(jié)果證明了球磨使粉末產(chǎn)生微孔，比表面、中孔表面和孔徑降低。

Abstract:研究了添加5%和7%Y2O3的AIN陶瓷的注射成形工藝,制備了熱導(dǎo)率達(dá)162.5W/m@K的AIN陶瓷.利用XRD,SEM,XPS等方法分析了注射成形中Y2O3的添加量、燒結(jié)工藝和第2相組成的關(guān)系,并發(fā)現(xiàn)注射成形AlN陶瓷的晶界第2相對(duì)AlN陶瓷的熱導(dǎo)性能有顯著的影響.

Abstract:Dense MgO films for a protective layer of plasma display screen have been prepared by ion beam-assisted deposition. Properties of the deposited films and relationships between the deposition parameters and the properties have been investigated using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The deposited films exhibit mainly (200) preferable orientation. From the cross-sectional morphology, the density and the refractive index, it can be known that the MgO films prepared by ion beam-assisted deposition are much denser and more adhesive to substrate than the films deposited by electron beam evaporation. Ion energy, substrate temperature, growth rate and annealing treatment affect the orientation of the MgO films. The best crystallinity of the MgO films can be obtained for ion bombardment with energy of 1keV. With ion energy of 1keV, the orientation. of the MgO films becomes better for lower substrate temperature or growth rate. Annealing treatment in dry air is beneficial to the grain growth further.

Abstract:Cr13 stainless steel was surface cladded with Co-based alloy using a high power carbon dioxide laser. The microstructure, wear resistance and corrosion properties of the clad layer were investigated. The experimental results indicate that the high temperature corrosion behaviour and wear resistant property of the clad layer are 3 and 3.5 times better than those of the parent metal. Under the high temperature molten lead sulphate salt corrosion condition, the clad layer spalls off which is caused by intergrannular corrosion in the clad layer. The fine dendritic structure and the Co-based alloy oxides help to retard the penetration rate of the sulphur ion, which induces the intergrannular corrosion.

Abstract:以NiCr-Cr3C2混合粉末為原料，對(duì)γ-TiAl金屬間化合物合金進(jìn)行激光表面合金化。制得了以γ-NiCrAl鎳基固溶體為基體，以TiC及Cr7C3為增強(qiáng)相的復(fù)合材料表面改性層，分析了激光表面合金化改性層的組織，并測(cè)試了其在滑動(dòng)磨損試驗(yàn)條件下的耐磨及高溫抗氧化性能。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，上述激光表面合金化層具有很高的硬度、較高的耐磨性及高溫抗氧化性。

Abstract:The hydrogen storage properties of the alloys Ml-Ca-Ni (Ml: La-riched mischmetal) was systematically investigated. The experimental results show that the alloys Ml-Ca-Ni have good hydrogen storage capacity and hydriding/dehydriding kinetics. It was also found that the hydrogen storage capacity of Ml0.8Ca0.2Ni5 is more than 180ml/g. An automobile hydrogen storage tank used Ml0.8Ca0.2Ni5 hydride with hydrogen capacity of 20 Nm3 was designed and manufacted . The comparison test results reveal that with hydrogen-gasoline hybrid as its fuel, an gasoline engine may save gasoline by more than 30% and its thermal efficiency increases by more than 10%. Moreover, in its exhaust gases, the CO level decreases by 70% and the contents of HC and NOx also reduce. A demonstration test of a bus was carried out.

Abstract:研制了ＴｉＳｎＯ２＋Ｓｂ２Ｏ３／ＰｂＯ２金屬陽(yáng)極，用ＳＥＭ，ＸＲＤ，ＥＤＳ對(duì)陽(yáng)極表層進(jìn)行了觀測(cè)和分析。測(cè)定了在８０℃，１ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１＼Ｈ２ＳＯ４中該電極的使用壽命和電化學(xué)動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)，并與貴金屬及其合金電極進(jìn)行了比較，采用雙位壘模型討論了該電極的電化學(xué)性能。結(jié)果表明，該電極是一種壽命長(zhǎng)，催化活性好的非貴金屬放氧陽(yáng)極材料。

Abstract:An assembly of YA15 tube mill-the first equipment for rolling golf-club in China is described. Some key issues in the design and operational performances of the equipment are also presented.

Abstract:The synthesis and characterization of 1,1-diethyl-3-butenyl cyclopentadienyl lanthanide dichlorides are reported. The complexes [C5H4C(C2H5)2CH2CH=CH2]LnCl2. MgCl2. THF (Ln=La(1), Nd(2), Sm(3), Gd(4)) are characterized by elementary analyses, mass spectrography infrared spectrography and nuclear magnetic resonance.