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Abstract:The current status of development, fundamental characteristics, and applications of metal fibres are discussed. It is found that many new types of material have been developed by using metal fibres,and that these materials have direct impact on the human daily life. Progress in metal fibre research and fibre products in China are described. China has a considerable competitive advantage in research and development of metal fibres and fibre products. There is a fairly good technical bases for predicting significant advances in the industrialization of metal fibres and fibre products in China.

Abstract:The Ti-Ni-Nb shape memory alloy possesses a wide transformation hysteresis and excellent shape memory properties, so that it is expected to be used for pipe couplings and mechanical fasteners. The engineering significance of widening hysteresis is discussed. Recent advances in the study of this alloy are reviewed, including microstructure, martenstic transformation, mechanical behavior, strain recovery ratio, low temperature thermal capacity and machinability, etc. Future development of this alloy is also discussed.

Abstract:By means of the Empirical Electron Theory (E E T), the valence electron structures of ordered and disordered TiAl at various temperatures are calculated. The effect of crystal lattice expansion and decrease of long -and short-rang order parameter (with increasing temperature) on strengthening is analyzed. The reason of an anomalous yield behavior in TiAl is that the valence electron structures directly effected by temperature result in strengthening, and "disorder domain" strengthening (with short order -range parameter descending). According to this view point, an mechanism is proposed, and some experimental results that content and grain size have influence on anomalous yield behavior in TiAl are explained.

Abstract:采用金相顯微鏡，掃描電鏡和透射電鏡，對超塑性拉伸變形后的Ｔｉ－１１Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ－０．５Ｍｏ（質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)）合金的顯微組織進(jìn)行了觀察和分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，ＴｉＡｌ基合金在超塑性變形過程中發(fā)生了動態(tài)再結(jié)晶現(xiàn)象，動態(tài)再結(jié)晶使晶粒顯著細(xì)化。透射電鏡觀察結(jié)果表明，γ晶粒內(nèi)有位錯(cuò)運(yùn)動，位錯(cuò)運(yùn)動導(dǎo)致γ晶粒內(nèi)形成位錯(cuò)墻，位錯(cuò)網(wǎng)。這些顯微組織特征與ＴｉＡｌ基合金的超塑性變形機(jī)理有著密切的關(guān)系。

Abstract:研究了定向凝固鈷基高溫合金ＤＺ４０Ｍ７００℃和９００℃缺口疲勞性能有疲勞斷口。結(jié)果表明，ＤＺ４０Ｍ合金具有較高的抗高溫缺口疲勞破壞能力，７００℃和９００℃缺口疲勞強(qiáng)度分別為２８５ＭＰａ和２０３ＭＰａ，且表現(xiàn)出低的疲勞缺口敏感性，７００℃和９００℃疲勞缺口敏感度僅為０．１４６和．１５３。在交變載茶作用下，７００℃缺口疲勞裂紋是以小平面方式，沿著｛１１１｝滑移面擴(kuò)展，而９００℃缺口疲勞裂紋是在交變載荷

Abstract:研究了Ｔｉ－１１００高溫鈦合金表面濺射ＮｉＣｒＡｌＹ涂層對鈦合金在６００℃－８００℃空氣中氧化性能的影響。結(jié)果表明：由于在涂層表面形成均勻連續(xù)的Ａｌ２Ｏ３保護(hù)膜而顯著改善了高溫鈦合金的抗氧化性，涂層本身的微晶組織使其具有良好的抗剝落能力。但在８００℃時(shí)，基體中少量Ｔｉ擴(kuò)散到涂層表面形成ＴｉＯ，同時(shí)涂層中的Ｎｉ強(qiáng)烈向基體擴(kuò)散，在基體和涂層中分別形成擴(kuò)散帶和空洞。

Abstract:The electrochemical and microstructural properties of cast MlNi3. 8C0. 6Mn0.55Ti0.05 have been investigated in detail. The results show that the initial activation and the low-rate discharge capacity are promising, but the high-rate discharge capacity and the discharge voltage plateau are to be improved for this alloy. Segregation, mainly Ti(NiCoMn),was detected using in situ X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Ti (NiCoMn) segregation makes the alloy easy to pulverize, and consequently decrease the cycle stability of the alloy. The segregation should be avoided to make the full use of Ti.

Abstract:研究了Ti－Cu－Al阻燃鈦合金的阻燃性能和微觀組織。結(jié)果表明：Ti－Cu－Al合金有良好的阻燃性能，合金的微觀組織為a＋Ti2Cu，Ti2Cu分布均勻。隨Cu含量或退火溫度升高，Ti2Cu顆粒長大，合金性能惡化。合金中是否含有合金元素Al對它的組織結(jié)構(gòu)影響不大。

Abstract:Magnetization (M) and susceptibility versus temperature (T) and magnetic field (H) of an internal-Sn processed Nb,Sn wire have been studied and the critical M-H-T surface has been plotted. The normalized magnetization vs. applied field has been filled to Kramer's equation. The effective filament diameter is estimated to be larger than the original filament size. Bridging between the filaments is account for the extra hysteresis. The values of X' and X" do not change much with AC amplitude in a certain background field and frequency, but do change with frequencies for a given AC amplitudes. The interfilament coupling is mainly from bridging, not from proximity effect.

Abstract:研究了以水合聯(lián)氨作還原劑，從硝酸銀和硝酸鈀溶液中直接還原出Ａｇ－Ｐｄ合金超細(xì)粉末，通過化學(xué)勢和學(xué)分析可知，水合聯(lián)氨與銀，鈀反應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電極電位差值很大，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于銀與鈀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電極電位的差值，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)銀和鈀同步還原。在溶液中銀和鈀離子濃度為７０ｇ／Ｌ．Ａｇ：Ｐｄ＝７：３，水合聯(lián)氨的加入量為理論量６倍，還原溫度為５０℃－６０℃條件下，可獲得平均粒徑為０．６μｍ的Ａｇ－Ｐｄ合金粉末。

Abstract:研究了用粉末裝和技術(shù)制備磁體用多芯Ｂｉ－２２２３／Ａｇ超導(dǎo)帶材的工藝性能。結(jié)果表明，得到的氧化物芯絲均勻的多芯Ｂｉ－２２２３／Ａｇ超導(dǎo)帶材，其Ｂｉ－２２２３單相性較好且晶粒具有ｃ軸取向。在７７Ｋ，０Ｔ下，短帶的臨界電流密度ＪＣ達(dá)２．２×１０＾４Ａ／ｃｍ＾２（判據(jù)１μＶ／ｃｍ）。用此帶制做的小型超導(dǎo)磁體（外徑為８５ｍｍ，內(nèi)徑１０ｍｍ，高６０ｍｍ），在４．２Ｋ和７７Ｋ下，磁體通過的臨界電流ＩＣ分別為１

Abstract:研究了連續(xù)區(qū)熔定向凝固工藝對鉍系織構(gòu)生長的影響。結(jié)果表明，選擇合適的粉末名義配比，在最高熔化溫度為８８０℃，樣品移動速度為８ｍｍ／ｈ的條件下處理樣品，能夠制得高度取向的Ｂｉ－２２１２晶體。但通過該工藝Ｂｉ－２２２３相織構(gòu)生長過程的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)這種方法不利于２２２３相織構(gòu)的生成。

Abstract:The effects of particle size on the electrochemical properties of the Ml(NiCoMnTi)5 hydrogen storage alloy have been systematically investigated. The results show that the smaller the particle size, the higher the discharge capacity and the better the high -rate-dischargeability and the cycling stability. If two types of powder with different particle sizes are mixed, the smaller the particle size ratio (the average particle size of small component to that of the large one), the higher the discharge capacity. At a mixing weight ratio (the weight of large component to that of the small one) of 7: 3, the highest discharge capacity is obtained.

Abstract:Some factors effecting the porosity of porous tungsten, such as powder size, press pressure, sintering temperature, and so on, are discussed in detail. It is found that the porosity of the pressed blank is not only connected with the press pressure, but also with the size of tungsten powder. For the same size of powder, the porosity of the pressed blank decreases with the increase of pressing pressure. The porosity of pressed blank of coarse powder is smaller than that of fine powder for the same pressure. If the sintering temperature and time are the same, the porosity of porous tungsten made by fine powder is smaller than that of the coarse one. For the same size powder, the porosity of the pressed blank decreases with increase of sintering temperature. Therefore, the powder size and sintering temperature are major factors for the porosity of porous tungsten. The smaller the size of the powder and the higher the sintering temperature, the less the porosity of porous tungsten.