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應(yīng)用鉛鉍共晶合金冷卻劑面臨挑戰(zhàn)及解決方案
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1.哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院 黑龍江 哈爾濱;2.哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué) 化工與化學(xué)學(xué)院 黑龍江 哈爾濱

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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(U2067216和51902070);中國(guó)博士后科學(xué)基金(2020M670904)


Challenges and Solutions to the Application of Lead-Bismuth Eutectic Alloy Coolant
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Harbin Institute of Technology

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    摘要:

    鉛鉍共晶(LBE)合金具有化學(xué)活性低、熱特性杰出、耐輻照等優(yōu)秀特質(zhì),在核領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景,是第四代核能系統(tǒng)鉛冷快堆(LFR)冷卻劑的首選材料。然而,高溫、高流速、高密度的液態(tài)LBE會(huì)對(duì)核電材料造成嚴(yán)重腐蝕,威脅其服役安全。因此,全面認(rèn)識(shí)與分析應(yīng)用LBE所面臨的挑戰(zhàn),對(duì)于解決LBE與結(jié)構(gòu)材料相容性的關(guān)鍵科學(xué)和實(shí)際工程問(wèn)題,以及核能的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文簡(jiǎn)介了LBE冷卻劑的特點(diǎn),系統(tǒng)地論述了近年來(lái)關(guān)于LBE腐蝕機(jī)理、影響因素的研究現(xiàn)狀,針對(duì)目前3種主要解決方案的基本原理、防護(hù)機(jī)制及國(guó)內(nèi)外最新研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行了較為全面地分析。最后,總結(jié)了目前研究中存在的主要問(wèn)題與不足,并展望了未來(lái)發(fā)展前景。

    Abstract:

    Lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) alloy has a wide application prospect in the nuclear fields because of its excellent characteristics such as low chemical activity, excellent thermal properties and radiation resistance. It is the first choice material for the fourth generation nuclear energy system lead-cooled fast reactor (LFR) coolant. However, the densified liquid LBE with high temperature and turbulent flow rate will cause serious corrosion to the structural materials of the reactor, threatening its service safety. Thereby, a comprehensive understanding and analysis of the challenges faced by the application of LBE is of great significance not only for solving the key scientific and practical engineering problems of the compatibility between LBE and structural materials, but also for the sustainable development of nuclear energy. This work briefly introduces the characteristics of LBE coolant, systematically reviews the statu of the LBE corrosion mechanism and influencing factors in recent years. The basic principles, protection mechanisms and the latest research progress of the three main solutions, including controlling dissolved oxygen concentration, modification of structural materials and surface protective coating technology, are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the main problems and shortcomings in the current research are summarized, and the future development prospect is discussed.

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引用本文

何明宇,康紅軍,盧松濤,姚忠平,秦偉,吳曉宏.應(yīng)用鉛鉍共晶合金冷卻劑面臨挑戰(zhàn)及解決方案[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2023,52(10):3661~3672.[He Mingyu, Kang Hongjun, Lu Songtao, Yao Zhongping, Qin Wei, Wu Xiaohong. Challenges and Solutions to the Application of Lead-Bismuth Eutectic Alloy Coolant[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2023,52(10):3661~3672.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20220753

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-23
  • 最后修改日期:2022-11-01
  • 錄用日期:2022-11-11
  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-10-27
  • 出版日期: 2023-10-24