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激光增材制造吸能結(jié)構(gòu)研究進(jìn)展
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作者單位:

1.大連交通大學(xué);2.大連交通大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;3.大連交通大學(xué) 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院

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中國(guó)國(guó)家鐵路集團(tuán)有限公司 科技研究開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃(N2020J027);大連市科技創(chuàng)新基金計(jì)劃(2019J11CY017)


Additively manufactured energy-absorbing structures: A review
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1.大連交通大學(xué);2.DaLian JiaoTong University

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    摘要:

    激光增材制造通常被稱(chēng)為激光3D打印,它是20世紀(jì)80年代發(fā)展起來(lái)的快速成型技術(shù)(Rapid Prototyping,RP),可以直接將復(fù)雜的3D Computer Aided Design (CAD)結(jié)構(gòu)模型加工成實(shí)際物體。激光增材制造技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)為開(kāi)發(fā)復(fù)雜幾何圖形提供了一個(gè)平臺(tái),并在原產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)空間內(nèi)降低了產(chǎn)品的成本和生產(chǎn)時(shí)間。吸能材料和結(jié)構(gòu),主要依靠在碰撞中快速地吸收撞擊能量,減少撞擊物的撞擊加速度,最大限度地降低被撞物的傷害。近年來(lái),新型吸能結(jié)構(gòu)材料和功能材料層出不窮,同時(shí)由于增材制造技術(shù)自身的低成本、生產(chǎn)周期短、可制造精密復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)的特性,兩者得到了完美的結(jié)合。由于吸能結(jié)構(gòu)在眾多研究領(lǐng)域中得到廣泛的關(guān)注,幾乎所有的主要行業(yè)都在享受著吸能結(jié)構(gòu)所帶來(lái)的好處。因此,本文旨在對(duì)吸能結(jié)構(gòu)的各種晶格形態(tài)、設(shè)計(jì)和增材制造技術(shù)進(jìn)行全面綜述。此外,本文還介紹了該結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)越性能、應(yīng)用和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。

    Abstract:

    Additive manufacturing (AM), i.e. 3D printing technology, is a rapid prototyping method (RP) developed in the 1980s, by which some complex structures can be efficiently manufactured. It also provides a platform for the development of complex geometrics, and is instrumental in cost-savings and time-savings of the production. Energy-absorbing materials and structures are used to absorb energy in collisions and to minimize the damage of the impact target, and their geometries are becoming increasingly complicated in order to achieve higher performances. Therefore, novel energy absorbers usually need the AM technology to produce. Meanwhile, their developments have received extensive attention in many research fields, as nearly all major industries are enjoying the benefits of them. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of new energy absorbers characterized by cellular structures, which includes introductions of various lattice morphologies, design methods and the additive manufacturing technologies they used, supplemented by the summarization of advantages, challenges and the application prospect of the structure.

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王兆毅,呂云卓,陳秉智,周俊先.激光增材制造吸能結(jié)構(gòu)研究進(jìn)展[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2022,51(6):2302~2315.[Wang Zhaoyi, Lu Yunzhuo, Chen Bingzhi, Zhou Junxian. Additively manufactured energy-absorbing structures: A review[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2022,51(6):2302~2315.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20210478

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-01
  • 最后修改日期:2021-07-06
  • 錄用日期:2021-07-12
  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-06
  • 出版日期: 2022-06-29