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燒結(jié)(Nd,Tb)-Fe-B磁體的元素擴散、反磁化和矯頑力
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內(nèi)蒙古科技大學 白云鄂博礦多金屬資源綜合利用重點實驗室

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中圖分類號:

TG146.4

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金資助項目(51861030)


Effect of atomic diffusion on magnetization reversal and coercivity in sintered (Nd,Tb)-Fe-B magnets
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Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal Resources,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology

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國家自然科學基金資助項目(51861030)

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    摘要:

    采用雙合金法將兩種粉末混合制備燒結(jié)永磁體可提高磁體磁性能;但在燒結(jié)過程中兩種粉末之間存在元素擴散,元素擴散對磁性能的影響程度需要進一步研究。本文將Nd13Fe81B6和TbHx粉末混合制備燒結(jié)磁體,Nd13Fe81B6磁體矯頑力為4.5 kOe。當TbHx混合量為3 wt.%,燒結(jié)磁體的矯頑力增加至20.0 kOe。通過熱激活研究認為,磁疇壁的形核是反磁化需要經(jīng)過的過程。由于熱力學的原因Tb元素更容易擴散進入Nd2Fe14B主相而不是富集在晶間富稀土相。Tb元素進入主相替代Nd可形成具有更高各向異性場的(Nd,Tb)-Fe-B表層,在反磁化過程中晶粒表層磁疇壁的形核場會增加,因此矯頑力增加程度顯著。但是,TbHx混合量超過5 wt.%,矯頑力增加幅度降低。對于TbHx混合量7 wt.%的磁體,元素分布顯示在主相晶粒內(nèi)部貧Tb區(qū)域明顯增少,證實在燒結(jié)過程中更多Tb原子從晶粒表層擴散入晶粒內(nèi)部,這樣晶粒表層反磁化形核場的提高程度會減弱,因而磁體矯頑力增加幅度降低。本研究說明要提高雙合金Nd-Fe-B磁體磁性能需進一步控制元素擴散并優(yōu)化磁體的元素分布。

    Abstract:

    The magnetic properties could be improved in rare-earth magnets prepared by the dual-alloy method via mixing two different types of powders. The atoms would diffuse in the sintering, and it is necessary to make clear the effect of atomic diffusion on the magnetic properties. In this paper, the sintered magnets were prepared by mixing Nd13Fe81B6 with TbHx powders. The coercivity is 4.5 kOe in Nd13Fe81B6 magnets, and it increases to 20.0 kOe with 3 wt.% TbHx addition in the sintered magnets. The investigation of thermal activation indicates that the magnetization reversal undergoes the nucleation of reversed domain wall at grain outer-layer. Owing to the thermodynamical origin Tb atoms prefer to diffuse into the grain interior of Nd2Fe14B phase rather than aggregate in the intergranular rare-earth-rich phase. Tb atoms could substitute for Nd and form (Nd,Tb)-Fe-B shell layer with higher anisotropy in the main phase, and so the nucleation field of reversed domain is improved at grain outer-layer, leading to the significant increase of coercivity. However, for 5 wt.% TbHx addition the increase amplitude of coercivity decreases in the sintered magnets. The elemental distribution shows that for 7 wt.% TbHx addition the area of Tb-lean regions decreases, indicating that more amount of Tb atoms diffuse into the grain interior of Nd2Fe14B phase. The enhancement effect of improving the nucleation field is weakened at grain outer-layer, resulting in the reduction of the increase amplitude of coercivity. Regulating the atomic diffusion and optimizing the elemental distribution are necessary to further improve the magnetic properties in the sintered magnets prepared by the dual-alloy method.

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秦淵,馬斌杰,李柱柏.燒結(jié)(Nd, Tb)-Fe-B磁體的元素擴散、反磁化和矯頑力[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2021,50(4):1378~1383.[QIN yuan, MA Bin-jie, LI Zhu-bai. Effect of atomic diffusion on magnetization reversal and coercivity in sintered (Nd, Tb)-Fe-B magnets[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2021,50(4):1378~1383.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20200368

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  • 收稿日期:2020-05-28
  • 最后修改日期:2020-12-03
  • 錄用日期:2020-12-22
  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-08
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