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電子束冷床爐熔煉Ti-6Al-4V合金過程中流動、傳熱和揮發(fā)計算
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清華大學材料學院

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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目 (2016YFB0301200)


Calculation of flow, heat transfer and evaporation during the electron beam cold hearth melting of Ti-6Al-4V alloy
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the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0301200)

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    摘要:

    電子束冷床爐熔煉技術是生產(chǎn)航空發(fā)動機關鍵旋轉(zhuǎn)部件用鈦合金及鈦屑回收利用的一項很有前景的技術。本文研究了Ti-6Al-4V合金在電子束冷床爐熔煉過程中冷床部分熔體的傳熱、流動和凝固過程。結果表明,冷床部分的熔體被限制在一個非常淺的深度,實驗測量約為15mm,熔體速度大約是幾厘米每秒。熔體溫度隨著熔煉功率增加而升高,隨著熔煉速率增加而降低。熔池深度隨著熔煉功率升高而增加,而熔煉速率對熔池形貌的影響不明顯。模擬了不同密度、不同尺寸夾雜物的運動軌跡。結果表明夾雜密度對軌跡影響較大。建立了元素揮發(fā)的數(shù)學模型,并研究了熔煉工藝參數(shù)對鑄錠成分的影響。結果表明熔煉溫度、熔煉速率和原料配比對鑄錠成分均有較大影響。采用工業(yè)用電子束冷床爐生產(chǎn)了圓錠,測量了冷床凝殼的形貌并檢測了鑄錠成分。計算結果與實驗結果吻合較好。

    Abstract:

    Electron beam cold hearth melting (EBCHM) is a promising technique for achieving premium titanium alloys for critical rotating parts of the aero-engine and to recycle the titanium scraps. This article studied the heat transfer, the fluid flow and solidification in the cold hearth during EBCHM process of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The results show that the melt is constrained to a very shallow depth which is 15mm in our experiment and the melt velocity is about a few centimeters per second. The melt temperature increases with the increase of melting power and decreases with the increase of melting rate. The melt depth increases with the increase of melting power, while the effect of melting rate on the shape of melt pool isn’t obvious. The trajectories of inclusions with different densities and sizes were simulated. The density has great influence on the trajectories of particles. The evaporation model was established to study the influence of melting parameters on the ingot composition. The results indicate that melting temperature, melting rate and composition of row materials have great influence on the ingot composition. Round ingots were produced using the commercial EBCHM furnace in the factory. The morphology of the shell was investigated and the ingot composition was tested. The calculating results are in good agreement with experiment.

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岑孟江,劉源,陳祥,張華偉,李言祥.電子束冷床爐熔煉Ti-6Al-4V合金過程中流動、傳熱和揮發(fā)計算[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2020,49(3):833~841.[cenmengjiang, liuyuan, chenxiang, zhanghuawei, liyanxiang. Calculation of flow, heat transfer and evaporation during the electron beam cold hearth melting of Ti-6Al-4V alloy[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2020,49(3):833~841.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20181130

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-10
  • 最后修改日期:2018-12-13
  • 錄用日期:2019-01-09
  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-04-08
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