2中電解二氧化鈦時,鈣鈦礦是陰極上不可避免形成的相。本文研究了在制備鈦的過程中,陰極鈣鈦礦的形成與陽極釋放氣體的關系。結果表明,陰極上相的形成主要有三個階段,包括鈣鈦礦的形成、鈣鈦礦的脫氧及鈦的低價氧化物脫氧為TiO、和TiO到Ti的脫氧。盡管分解電壓低于CaCl2,但陰極形成的鈣鈦礦與從陽極釋放的氣體密切相關。由于短時間內鈣鈦礦的形成造成過電壓,因而陽極釋放出氯氣,氯氣的量取決于TiO2和電解過程中產生的不同低價鈦的量。當鈦的低價氧化物介于Ti3O5和TiO2之間時,在第一脫氧階段TiO2和氯的質量比為9:2到46:2。在氯氣釋放的過程中陽極沒有明顯的消耗。鈣鈦礦的形成和Ti2O的脫氧是在熔融CaCl2中電解制備鈦的主要限制性環(huán)節(jié)。從TiO2到Ti的總電流效率是24.07%。目前第一階段的電流效率在22.37%~44.74%之間,第二階段在30.18%~37.72%之間。"/>

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制鈦過程中陰極鈣鈦礦的形成與陽極溢出氣體間的關系
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1.重慶大學 材料科學與工程學院;2.重慶大學

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國家自然科學基金項目(面上項目,重點項目,重大項目)


Dependency of gases released from the anode on perovskite formed in the cathode in the process of the preparation of titanium
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College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing

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    摘要:

    采用FFC劍橋工藝在熔融CaCl2中電解二氧化鈦時,鈣鈦礦是陰極上不可避免形成的相。本文研究了在制備鈦的過程中,陰極鈣鈦礦的形成與陽極釋放氣體的關系。結果表明,陰極上相的形成主要有三個階段,包括鈣鈦礦的形成、鈣鈦礦的脫氧及鈦的低價氧化物脫氧為TiO、和TiO到Ti的脫氧。盡管分解電壓低于CaCl2,但陰極形成的鈣鈦礦與從陽極釋放的氣體密切相關。由于短時間內鈣鈦礦的形成造成過電壓,因而陽極釋放出氯氣,氯氣的量取決于TiO2和電解過程中產生的不同低價鈦的量。當鈦的低價氧化物介于Ti3O5和TiO2之間時,在第一脫氧階段TiO2和氯的質量比為9:2到46:2。在氯氣釋放的過程中陽極沒有明顯的消耗。鈣鈦礦的形成和Ti2O的脫氧是在熔融CaCl2中電解制備鈦的主要限制性環(huán)節(jié)。從TiO2到Ti的總電流效率是24.07%。目前第一階段的電流效率在22.37%~44.74%之間,第二階段在30.18%~37.72%之間。

    Abstract:

    Perovskite is the inevitable phase formed in the cathode during electrolysis of TiO2 in molten CaCl2 by FFC Cambridge process. Dependency of perovskite in the cathode on gases released from the anode in the process of the preparation of titanium is studied. The results show that three stages is obtained based on the phases formed in the cathode including formation of perovskite, deoxygenation from perovskite and titanium suboxides to TiO and deoxygenation from TiO to Ti . Perovskite formed in the cathode is close related with gases released from the anode although the decomposition voltage is lower than that of CaCl2. Chlorine releases from the anode due to overvoltage which is caused by the formation of perovskite in a short time. Amount of chlorine is depended on the mass of TiO2 and generation of different titanium suboxides during electrolysis process. The mass ratio of TiO2 and chlorine is from 9:2 to 46:2 when titanium suboxides are between Ti3O5 and TiO at the first deoxygenantion stage. The anode is no obvious consumption during chlorine releases. Formation of the perovskite and deoxygenation of Ti2O are the main limited step to prepare titanium by electrolysis process in molten CaCl2. The total current efficency from TiO2 to Ti is 24.07%. The current efficiency of the first stage is between 22.37% and 44.74% and the second stage is between 30.18% and 37.72%.

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胡蒙均,馬通祥,高雷章,賴平生,屈正峰,溫良英,胡麗文,邱貴寶,扈玫瓏.制鈦過程中陰極鈣鈦礦的形成與陽極溢出氣體間的關系[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2019,48(7):2146~2150.[Hu Mengjun, Ma Tongxiang, Gao Leizhang, Lai Pingsheng, Qu Zhengfeng, Wen Liangying, Hu Liwen, Qiu Guibao, Hu meilong. Dependency of gases released from the anode on perovskite formed in the cathode in the process of the preparation of titanium[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2019,48(7):2146~2150.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20180064

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-17
  • 最后修改日期:2018-04-13
  • 錄用日期:2018-04-26
  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-08-01
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