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Centrifugal Forming Mechanism of Al Gradient Composites Reinforced with Complementary Primary Si and Mg2Si Particles
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Chongqing Machine Tool (Group) Co., Ltd, Chongqing 400055, China
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National Natural Science Foundation of China (51201140); The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (XDJK2010C007)

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    摘要:

    為了克服單一初晶Si或Mg2Si顆粒增強(qiáng)的鋁基復(fù)合材料的不足,采用離心鑄造的方法制備了一種由初晶Si與Mg2Si兩種顆粒互補(bǔ)增強(qiáng)的鋁基梯度復(fù)合材料。這種復(fù)合材料的組織與性能具有明顯的梯度分布特征:內(nèi)層含有高體積分?jǐn)?shù)的初晶Si與Mg2Si顆粒,形成互補(bǔ)增強(qiáng)區(qū)域,具有高硬度的特點(diǎn);外層沒(méi)有或含有極少量初晶顆粒,形成非增強(qiáng)區(qū)域,具有硬度低的特點(diǎn)。對(duì)該復(fù)合材料的離心成形機(jī)制探討發(fā)現(xiàn),大量細(xì)小的初晶Mg2Si顆粒是形成這種梯度復(fù)合材料的關(guān)鍵因素。在離心力場(chǎng)中,密度更小的初晶Mg2Si顆粒具有比初晶Si顆粒大得多的向心運(yùn)動(dòng)速度,在運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中它與初晶Si發(fā)生碰撞并推動(dòng)后者一起快速運(yùn)動(dòng),最終導(dǎo)致二者在內(nèi)層的劇烈偏聚。此外,為了獲得足夠的初晶Mg2Si顆粒,在三元Al-Si-Mg合金中,Si的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)應(yīng)不低于19%,Mg的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)應(yīng)不低于4%。

    Abstract:

    To overcome the shortages of Al composites reinforced with a single primary Si or Mg2Si particles, a new type of gradient composites reinforced with the two particles was investigated through centrifugal casting. The structures and the properties of the composites have the obvious gradient distribution characteristics. The inner zone is the reinforced zone with a high volume fraction of primary Si and Mg2Si particles, whereas the external zone is the unreinforced zone with few or no primary Si and Mg2Si particles. Due to the high volume fraction of the complementary particles, the hardness values of the inner zone are much more than that of the external zone. The assembling mechanism analysis reveals that the massive primary Mg2Si particles are the key factor to form the gradient composites. In the centrifugal field, the relative velocity of the lower density primary Mg2Si particles is higher than that of primary Si particles. The Mg2Si particles will collide and impel primary Si particles to move more quickly towards the inner zone of tubular parts during freezing, resulting in a strong concentration of the primary Si and Mg2Si particles in the inner zone. To obtain the enough primary Mg2Si particles, the amount of Si should not be lower than 19 wt% and that of Mg not lower than 4 wt% in ternary Al-Si-Mg alloys.

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翟彥博,馬秀騰,梅 鎮(zhèn). Centrifugal Forming Mechanism of Al Gradient Composites Reinforced with Complementary Primary Si and Mg2Si Particles[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2014,43(4):769~774.[Zhai Yanbo, Ma Xiuteng, Mei Zhen. Chongqing Machine Tool (Group) Co., Ltd, Chongqing 400055, China[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2014,43(4):769~774.]
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  • 收稿日期:2013-04-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-07-30
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