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不同伸長率多晶Be室溫拉伸斷口分析
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西北稀有金屬材料研究院;東北大學(xué),西北稀有金屬材料研究院,西北稀有金屬材料研究院,西北稀有金屬材料研究院,西北稀有金屬材料研究院,西北稀有金屬材料研究院,東北大學(xué)

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TG146.2; TB383

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軍品配套科研項目(JPPT-125-GH-036)


Tensile Fractograph Analysis of Polycrystalline Beryllium with Different Elongations at Room Temperature
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Northwest Rare Metal Materials Institute;Northeast University,Northwest Rare Metal Materials Institute,Northwest Rare Metal Materials Institute,Northwest Rare Metal Materials Institute,Northwest Rare Metal Materials Institute,Northwest Rare Metal Materials Institute,Northeastern University

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    摘要:

    通過掃描電鏡系統(tǒng)分析了伸長率>5%和零伸長率多晶Be室溫拉伸斷口形貌。發(fā)現(xiàn)多晶Be無論伸長率高低,拉伸斷口均平整、無頸縮;斷口宏觀形貌分纖維區(qū)和放射區(qū),微觀形貌既有裂紋沿一定結(jié)晶學(xué)表面擴展形成的解理斷裂特征,又有一定塑性變形產(chǎn)生的撕裂棱,屬準(zhǔn)解理斷口。但是,伸長率>5%的多晶Be斷口纖維區(qū)和放射區(qū)界限不清晰,放射花樣細(xì)小且走向多變,斷口沒有明顯的主裂紋源,斷裂是由多個裂紋源匯合所致。而零伸長率多晶Be斷口纖維區(qū)和放射區(qū)界限清晰,放射花樣粗大且走向單一,并且纖維區(qū)占整個斷口比例極小,放射花樣則幾乎遍布斷口通區(qū),斷口上可見明顯的主裂紋源,主裂紋源中心往往存在某種組織缺陷,斷裂主要是單一裂紋擴展所致。這表明多晶Be的伸長率主要來自于裂紋形核階段,微觀組織缺陷造成裂紋過早地達(dá)到臨界裂紋擴展尺寸,是導(dǎo)致多晶Be材室溫伸長率降低的主要原因。

    Abstract:

    The tensile fractography of polycrystalline beryllium with zero and >5% elongations at room temperature was systematically examined by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the tensile fracture of polycrystalline beryllium is of flat surface and no necking. Regardless of elongations of polycrystalline beryllium, its macroscopic fractography has fibrous and radical zones, and its microscopic fractography has cleavage fracture patterns produced by cracks propagating along some specific crystallographic surfaces, together with tear ridges produced by some plastic deformation. Therefore, tensile fracture of polycrystalline beryllium is of quasi-cleavage one. In which, for the polycrystalline beryllium with >5% elongation, the boundaries between fibrous and radical zones in the fracture area are not clear, and radial patterns are tiny and of multiple directions. The main crack source is not obvious in the fractograph, and the fracture is caused by the confluence of multiple cracks. In contrast, for the polycrystalline beryllium with zero elongation, the boundaries between fibrous and radical zones in the fracture area are clear, and the radial patterns are coarse with one direction. The radical patterns are mainly across almost all regions of the fracture area, together with very limited fibrous zones. There is obviously main crack source, where some kinds of microstructure defects exist, and the fracture is mainly controlled by a single crack propagating. It can thus be concluded that the elongation of polycrystalline beryllium mainly arises from the microcrack nucleation stage. Microstructure defects lead microcracks to prematurely reach the critical size of crack propagation, which is the main reason responsible for the poor ductility of polycrystalline beryllium at room temperature.

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許德美,李峰,王戰(zhàn)宏,鐘景明,李志年,余艷妮,秦高梧.不同伸長率多晶Be室溫拉伸斷口分析[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2016,45(3):656~661.[xudemei, Li Feng, Wang Zhanhong, Zhong Jingming, Li Zhinian, Yu Yanni, Qin Gaowu. Tensile Fractograph Analysis of Polycrystalline Beryllium with Different Elongations at Room Temperature[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2016,45(3):656~661.]
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  • 收稿日期:2014-04-05
  • 最后修改日期:2014-05-12
  • 錄用日期:2014-06-04
  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-07-07
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