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5A90鋁鋰合金Nd:YAG激光焊縫組織的晶粒形態(tài)與晶粒取向
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航空科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（20125475002）；北京市教委科技創(chuàng)新平臺(tái)項(xiàng)目（JJ009012201201）


Grain Shapes and Grain Orientations in Laser Welds of 5A90 Al-Li Alloys
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    摘要:

    采用Nd:YAG激光進(jìn)行了5A90鋁鋰合金3 mm 厚薄板對(duì)接接頭的激光焊接試驗(yàn)，采用電子背散射衍射（EBSD）技術(shù)對(duì)水平面和橫截面焊縫組織的晶粒形態(tài)及晶粒取向進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明，5A90鋁鋰合金激光焊縫金屬在熔合線附近形成了非常狹窄的等軸非枝晶區(qū)（non-dendritic equiaxed grain zone，EQZ），在焊縫的其余區(qū)域形成了晶粒取向隨機(jī)分布的等軸枝晶組織。由于焊縫熔合線附近EQZ的存在，焊縫金屬晶粒沒有繼承母材晶粒的取向而外延生長(zhǎng)，而是形成了一種非聯(lián)生結(jié)晶生長(zhǎng)的模式。焊縫區(qū)等軸枝晶的非均勻形核質(zhì)點(diǎn)來(lái)源于平衡四方相β（Al3Zr）粒子，等軸枝晶的形態(tài)取決于固液相前沿較高的成分過(guò)冷，5A90鋁鋰合金的成分及激光焊接工藝特點(diǎn)促進(jìn)了非均勻形核

    Abstract:

    Butt joints of 3.0 mm thick sheets of 5A90 Al-Li alloys have been produced using Nd:YAG laser welding. Grain shapes and grain orientations in the horizontal and transversal welds were studied using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD). The results show that a narrow band of non-dendritic equiaxed grain zone (EQZ) is formed along the fusion boundary. The weld metals exhibit equiaxed dendritic microstructures with random orientations. The non-epitaxial growth mode occurs in the weld metal grains, which does not follow special orientation relationships with the base metal grains due to the presence of the EQZ. The equiaxed dendritic grains are resulted from heterogeneous nucleation aided by equilibrium A13Zr phases as well as the high degree of constitutional supercooling occurring in the advancing solidification front of welding pool during the solidification. A combination of the chemical compositions of 5A90 Al-Li alloys and Nd:YAG laser welding processes accelerate heterogeneous nucleation

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崔 麗,李曉延,賀定勇,陳 俐,鞏水利.5A90鋁鋰合金Nd:YAG激光焊縫組織的晶粒形態(tài)與晶粒取向[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2013,42(10):2112~2116.[Cui Li, Li Xiaoyan, He Dingyong, Chen Li, Gong Shuili. Grain Shapes and Grain Orientations in Laser Welds of 5A90 Al-Li Alloys[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2013,42(10):2112~2116.]
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  • 收稿日期:2012-09-01
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