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鈾吸氘和氚的動(dòng)力學(xué)同位素效應(yīng)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目 (50871106)


Kinetic Isotope Effects of Deuterium and Tritium Absorption by Uranium
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    摘要:

    應(yīng)用反應(yīng)速率分析方法，在高真空金屬系統(tǒng)中測(cè)定了金屬鈾在恒容體系和150~300 ℃范圍內(nèi)吸收氘和氚的p-t曲線。由p-t曲線可知，在同一溫度下，鈾吸氚的速率與鈾吸氘的速率基本相同；而隨著溫度的升高，由于解吸逆反應(yīng)的影響，鈾吸氚(氘)的反應(yīng)速率降低。根據(jù)p-t曲線計(jì)算了吸氣反應(yīng)在不同溫度的速率常數(shù)，得到鈾吸氘和氚的表觀活化能分別為(–42.8±0.3)和(–43.2±1.2) kJ·mol-1。從活化能數(shù)據(jù)可以看出，鈾吸氘和氚的反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)同位素效應(yīng)不明顯

    Abstract:

    The p-t curves of deuterium and tritium absorption by uranium were investigated at 150-300 oC by the reaction rate analysis in a constant volume system. The results show that the rate of tritium absorption is equivalent to the rate of deuterium absorption at the same temperature. However, the rate of tritium (deuterium) absorption is decreased when the tritium (deuterium) absorption temperature is increased due to the effect of contrary reaction namely desorption of uranium tritide (deuteride). The rate constants of deuterium and tritium absorption at different temperatures are determined and the activation energy value obtained by this analysis is (–42.8±0.3) and (–43.2±1.2) kJ·mol-1, respectively. Therefore, there are not remarkable kinetic isotope effects for deuterium and tritium absorption by uranium.

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黃 剛,龍興貴,梁建華,劉文科,楊本福.鈾吸氘和氚的動(dòng)力學(xué)同位素效應(yīng)[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2011,40(11):2010~2013.[Huang Gang, Long Xinggui, Liang Jianhua, Liu Wenke, Yang Benfu. Kinetic Isotope Effects of Deuterium and Tritium Absorption by Uranium[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2011,40(11):2010~2013.]
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  • 收稿日期:2010-11-30
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