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Ti-50.0Ni單晶形狀記憶合金組織與記憶性能研究
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Investigation on Microstructure and Memory Property of NiTi Single Crystal Shape Memory Alloys
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    摘要:

    在自制的定向凝固爐中,用帶引晶器的石墨模殼制備出Ti-50.0at%Ni單晶。利用光學(xué)顯微鏡(OM)、掃描電鏡(SEM)及其配置的能譜(EDS)儀研究合金的鑄態(tài)組織,通過X射線衍射(XRD)和極圖分析確定單晶晶粒取向,利用自制模具對合金的記憶性能進行評價。結(jié)果表明:試樣橫截面與縱截面均呈枝狀晶分布特征,枝晶生長方向與定向凝固方向基本一致,未出現(xiàn)晶界,單晶橫截面法向與[111]取向夾角為15°。由于消除了晶界對馬氏體相變的不利影響,同時[111]取向是TiNi合金能獲得較大可恢復(fù)應(yīng)變的擇優(yōu)取向,與普通鑄造的TiNi多晶相比,材料的形狀記憶最大可恢復(fù)應(yīng)變和記憶疲勞性能都得到一定提高。

    Abstract:

    Single crystals of NiTi (with 50.0at% Ni) were prepared in a self-designed unidirectional solidification furnace with a graphite mold shell connected with a crystal selector. Both macrostructure and microstructure of the alloy were observed by OM and SEM with EDS, the grain orientation of single crystal was determined by XRD and pole figures, and shape memory effect was evaluated by an instrument developed by ourselves. The results show that dendritic features were presented in both cross section and longitudinal section; the direction of dendrites growth were close to solidified direction; there was no obvious grain boundary observed; the angle between normal direction of cross section and [111] orientation was 15°. Compared with normal NiTi polycrystals, the maximal recoverable strain and memory fatigue property of the alloy were improved because the bad effect of grain boundary on the martensite phase transformation was eliminated, and also [111] orientation was a preferred orientation of NiTi alloy which can provide larger recoverable strain.

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張盤新,朱 明,王樂酉,李重河,翟啟杰. Ti-50.0Ni單晶形狀記憶合金組織與記憶性能研究[J].稀有金屬材料與工程,2010,39(5):762~766.[Zhang Panxin, Zhu Ming, Wang Leyou, Li Chonghe, Zhai Qijie. Investigation on Microstructure and Memory Property of NiTi Single Crystal Shape Memory Alloys[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2010,39(5):762~766.]
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  • 收稿日期:2009-05-20
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